University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
Ann Intern Med. 2021 Mar;174(3):ITC33-ITC48. doi: 10.7326/AITC202103160. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Insomnia-the unwelcome experience of difficulty sleeping-is common and can be acute, intermittent, or chronic. Insomnia can be the presenting symptom for several common sleep disorders, but it also often occurs comorbidly with mental and physical health conditions. Evaluating the symptom of insomnia requires assessing-largely by history-whether an underlying condition explains it. is the diagnostic term for the symptom of insomnia that merits specific attention. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is the preferred treatment approach because of its efficacy, safety, and durability of benefit, but pharmaceutical treatments are widely used for insomnia symptoms.
失眠——即入睡困难这一不受欢迎的体验——是常见的，可表现为急性、间歇性或慢性。失眠可能是几种常见睡眠障碍的首发症状，但它也常常与精神和身体健康状况同时发生。评估失眠症状需要通过病史评估来判断是否存在潜在疾病。失眠是需要特别关注的症状的诊断术语。失眠的认知行为疗法因其疗效、安全性和受益的持久性而成为首选的治疗方法，但药物治疗也广泛用于失眠症状。
