Siegel A L, Raz S
Division of Urology, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Postgrad Med. 1988 May 15;83(7):97-104, 110. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1988.11700288.
Urinary incontinence results from bladder or sphincter dysfunction. Bladder-related incontinence due to a reduced-capacity, unstable, or noncompliant bladder can often be remedied by augmentation techniques. For anatomic incontinence, excellent results are achieved with use of any of the retropubic or transvaginal suspension techniques that restore the bladder neck and proximal urethra to a high, fixed retropubic position. However, when the urethral sphincter is intrinsically damaged, mere restoration of position will fail to cure the problem. Such damage warrants use of a compression procedure that increases urethral resistance, such as one of the many sling techniques, implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter, or periurethral Teflon injection.
尿失禁是由膀胱或括约肌功能障碍引起的。由于膀胱容量减少、不稳定或顺应性差导致的与膀胱相关的尿失禁通常可以通过扩大技术来纠正。对于解剖性尿失禁，使用任何一种耻骨后或经阴道悬吊技术将膀胱颈和近端尿道恢复到高位、固定的耻骨后位置，都能取得良好效果。然而，当尿道括约肌受到内在损伤时，仅仅恢复位置并不能解决问题。这种损伤需要采用增加尿道阻力的压迫手术，比如众多吊带技术之一、植入人工尿道括约肌或尿道周围注射聚四氟乙烯。
