311308Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Food Nutr Bull. 2021 Jun;42(2):259-273. doi: 10.1177/0379572121998121. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Nutritional status has important implications for labor productivity, lifetime earnings, and country-wide economic development. Dietary diversity is an important contributor to nutrition.
To identify how patterns of food consumption are related to dietary diversity and to measure the potential for policy interventions to influence diet complexity.
Household dietary diversity scores were constructed using data from 11 809 rural and urban households surveyed in Nepal between 2013 and 2016. Diversity scores were based on 7-day recall information on food purchases and food consumed directly from agricultural production. Reported consumption from 14 food groups was mapped into 4 distinct dietary patterns via latent class analysis. Ordered probit regressions were used to identify factors associated with observed diet patterns.
Diets are heterogeneous and map into 4 clusters along a continuum of complexity. Three identified diets are vegetarian and 1 is nonvegetarian. Diet complexity is associated with geography and socioeconomic features of the sample. On average, poor and agricultural households have less complex diets and households receiving remittances have more complex and higher quality diets. Road density is positively correlated with diet complexity. We find evidence of modest reductions in diet quality over the sample period.
Results confirm heterogeneous dietary behavior of Nepalese households. The identified patterns could be used to more effectively target policies directed at nutrition education or efforts to improve health by diversifying and improving the nutritional quality of household diets, for example, through supplemental feeding programs, home garden promotion, or targeted food assistance programs.
营养状况对劳动力生产力、终身收入和国家经济发展有重要影响。饮食多样性是营养的重要贡献者。
确定食物消费模式与饮食多样性的关系，并衡量政策干预影响饮食复杂性的潜力。
使用 2013 年至 2016 年期间在尼泊尔进行的 11809 户农村和城市家庭调查的数据构建家庭饮食多样性评分。多样性评分基于 7 天回顾的食物购买和直接从农业生产中消费的食物信息。通过潜在类别分析，将报告的来自 14 种食物组的消费映射到 4 种不同的饮食模式中。有序概率回归用于确定与观察到的饮食模式相关的因素。
饮食是异质的，并沿着复杂性的连续体映射到 4 个集群。确定的三种饮食是素食，一种是非素食。饮食的复杂性与样本的地理位置和社会经济特征有关。平均而言，贫困和农业家庭的饮食结构较为简单，收到汇款的家庭的饮食结构较为复杂，质量也更高。道路密度与饮食的复杂性呈正相关。我们发现样本期间饮食质量略有下降的证据。
结果证实了尼泊尔家庭饮食行为的异质性。所确定的模式可用于更有效地针对营养教育政策或通过多样化和改善家庭饮食的营养质量来改善健康的努力，例如通过补充喂养计划、家庭花园推广或有针对性的食品援助计划。
