Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India.
Nat Commun. 2021 Mar 8;12(1):1500. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21870-5.
Diphtheria is a respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Although the development of a toxin-based vaccine in the 1930s has allowed a high level of control over the disease, cases have increased in recent years. Here, we describe the genomic variation of 502 C. diphtheriae isolates across 16 countries and territories over 122 years. We generate a core gene phylogeny and determine the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and variation within the tox gene of 291 tox isolates. Numerous, highly diverse clusters of C. diphtheriae are observed across the phylogeny, each containing isolates from multiple countries, regions and time of isolation. The number of antimicrobial resistance genes, as well as the breadth of antibiotic resistance, is substantially greater in the last decade than ever before. We identified and analysed 18 tox gene variants, with mutations estimated to be of medium to high structural impact.
白喉是一种由白喉棒状杆菌引起的呼吸道疾病。尽管 20 世纪 30 年代开发的基于毒素的疫苗使对白喉的控制达到了很高的水平，但近年来病例有所增加。在这里，我们描述了 502 株白喉棒状杆菌在 122 年期间跨越 16 个国家和地区的基因组变异。我们生成了一个核心基因系统发育，并确定了 291 株毒素分离株中的抗微生物药物耐药基因和 tox 基因内的变异情况。在系统发育中观察到大量高度多样化的白喉棒状杆菌簇，每个簇都包含来自多个国家、地区和分离时间的分离株。过去十年中，抗微生物药物耐药基因的数量以及抗生素耐药范围比以往任何时候都大得多。我们鉴定并分析了 18 种 tox 基因变异，估计突变具有中等到高度的结构影响。
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