Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brasil.
Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2021 May;47(3):376-385. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2021.1893264. Epub 2021 Mar 9.
Antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is one of the most worrying problems in health systems today. To solve this problem, bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria, especially nisin, have been proposed as an alternative for controlling multidrug-resistant bacteria. Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides that have activity mainly against Gram-positive strains. Nisin is one of the most studied bacteriocins and is already approved for use in food preservation. Nisin is still not approved for human clinical use, but many studies have shown its therapeutic effectiveness, especially for the control of antibiotic-resistant strains. Results from studies show the emergence of nisin-resistant bacteria after exposure to nisin. Considering that nisin has shown promising results for clinical use, studies to elucidate nisin-resistant mechanisms and the development of approaches to circumvent nisin-resistance are important. Thus, the objectives of this review are to identify the Gram-positive bacterial strains that have shown resistance to nisin, describe their resistance mechanisms and propose ways to overcome the development of nisin-resistance for its successful clinical application.
细菌病原体的抗生素耐药性是当今卫生系统最令人担忧的问题之一。为了解决这个问题，人们提出了来自乳酸菌的细菌素，特别是乳链菌肽，作为控制多药耐药菌的替代物。细菌素是一种具有抗革兰氏阳性菌株活性的抗菌肽。乳链菌肽是研究最多的细菌素之一，已获准用于食品保鲜。乳链菌肽尚未获准用于人体临床应用，但许多研究表明其具有治疗效果，特别是用于控制抗生素耐药菌株。研究结果表明，在接触乳链菌肽后会出现乳链菌肽耐药菌。考虑到乳链菌肽在临床应用中显示出良好的效果，研究阐明乳链菌肽耐药机制和开发规避乳链菌肽耐药性的方法非常重要。因此，本综述的目的是确定对乳链菌肽表现出耐药性的革兰氏阳性细菌菌株，描述其耐药机制，并提出克服乳链菌肽耐药性发展的方法，以实现其成功的临床应用。
