Friedrich W, Herberhold C, Lierse W
Department of Anatomy, University Hospital Hamburg, FRG.
Acta Anat (Basel). 1988;131(2):97-102. doi: 10.1159/000146494.
This study reports on investigations of the thoracodorsal artery by injection studies. This artery has a long proximal extramuscular course before it enters the muscle. A consistent neurovascular hilum was found at a considerably constant location on the inferior muscle surface, 2-3 cm medial to its lateral edge and about 5 cm distal to the inferior scapular border. A constant branching pattern of the thoracodorsal artery into a lateral and a medial vessel stem was found. A high number of muscle-perforating arteries from a dense network in the cutaneous and subcutaneous layer. The thoracodorsal artery supplies the whole cutaneous area adjacent to the latissimus dorsi muscle plus a streak of about 2 cm at the medial and distal muscle borders. The presented anatomical landmarks are useful for locating the neurovascular hilum, and the intramuscular course of the thoracodorsal artery for exploration of the vessel by Doppler sonography or dissection. The length of the pedicle and the relatively big vessel gauge are good anatomical markers for the free transfer of a latissimus dorsi flap.
本研究报告了通过注射研究对胸背动脉的调查。该动脉在进入肌肉之前有一段较长的近端肌外走行。在肌肉下表面相当恒定的位置发现了一个一致的神经血管门，位于其外侧边缘内侧2 - 3厘米处，肩胛下边缘下方约5厘米处。发现胸背动脉有恒定的分支模式，分为外侧和内侧血管干。来自皮肤和皮下层致密网络的大量肌肉穿支动脉。胸背动脉供应背阔肌相邻的整个皮肤区域，以及肌肉内侧和远端边缘约2厘米宽的条带。所呈现的解剖标志有助于定位神经血管门，以及胸背动脉的肌内走行，以便通过多普勒超声或解剖来探查该血管。蒂的长度和相对较粗的血管管径是背阔肌皮瓣游离移植的良好解剖标志。
