Kozlov I M, Samsonova A v, Sokolov V G
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol. 1988 Feb;94(2):47-52.
Systemic investigation of the mechanisms that control locomotions in the man provides elaboration of some problems concerning properties and construction of the locomotory apparatus, especially morphometric characteristics of the muscles--length and shoulder of the thrust force. Various methods for determining length and shoulder of the thrust force are considered. The first method is based on substituting the muscles for mathematical or mechanical model. The second method makes it possible to define the degree of the muscle elongation by means of measuring the distance between the ends of the sectioned tendon; it includes regression equations, connecting a relative elongation of the muscles with the angle change in the joints. As a result of perfection of the previously known methods, mathematical models are made, owing to them it is possible to calculate morphometric characteristics of 8 muscles in the lower extremities using computer facilities. As an example, results of calculations, by means of various methods, morphometric characteristics of the gastrocnemius muscle are presented. They are obtained at registration of the kinematics of the run with a maximal speed. Satisfactive coincidence of the results is obtained.
对人体运动控制机制的系统研究，阐述了一些与运动器官的特性和结构相关的问题，特别是肌肉的形态测量特征——推力的长度和力臂。文中考虑了多种确定推力长度和力臂的方法。第一种方法是将肌肉替换为数学或力学模型。第二种方法能够通过测量切断肌腱两端之间的距离来确定肌肉伸长的程度；它包括回归方程，将肌肉的相对伸长与关节角度变化联系起来。由于对先前已知方法的完善，建立了数学模型，借助这些模型可以使用计算机设备计算下肢8块肌肉的形态测量特征。作为示例，给出了通过各种方法计算腓肠肌形态测量特征的结果。这些结果是在记录最大速度跑步的运动学时获得的。结果得到了令人满意的吻合。
