Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.
School of Government and International Relations, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Glob Public Health. 2021 Aug-Sep;16(8-9):1364-1380. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2021.1896765. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Gender norms, roles and relations differentially affect women, men, and non-binary individuals' vulnerability to disease. Outbreak response measures also have immediate and long-term gendered effects. However, gender-based analysis of outbreaks and responses is limited by lack of data and little integration of feminist analysis within global health scholarship. Recognising these barriers, this paper applies a gender matrix methodology, grounded in feminist political economy approaches, to evaluate the gendered effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response in four case studies: China, Hong Kong, Canada, and the UK. Through a rapid scoping of documentation of the gendered effects of the outbreak, it applies the matrix framework to analyse findings, identifying common themes across the case studies: financial discrimination, crisis in care, and unequal risks and secondary effects. Results point to transnational structural conditions which put women on the front lines of the pandemic at work and at home while denying them health, economic and personal security - effects that are exacerbated where racism and other forms of discrimination intersect with gender inequities. Given that women and people living at the intersections of multiple inequities are made additionally vulnerable by pandemic responses, intersectional feminist responses should be prioritised at the beginning of any crises.
性别规范、角色和关系会对女性、男性和非二元个体的疾病易感性产生不同的影响。疫情应对措施也会产生直接和长期的性别影响。然而，由于缺乏数据以及全球健康学术研究中女权主义分析的融合度较低，针对疫情和应对措施的基于性别的分析受到限制。认识到这些障碍，本文应用了一种性别矩阵方法，该方法基于女权政治经济学方法，以评估 COVID-19 大流行和四种案例研究中应对措施的性别影响：中国、中国香港、加拿大和英国。通过快速浏览疫情对性别的影响的文件，本文应用矩阵框架分析调查结果，确定了案例研究之间的共同主题：经济歧视、护理危机以及不平等的风险和次生影响。结果表明，跨国结构性条件使女性在工作和家庭中处于大流行的前线，而同时又剥夺了她们的健康、经济和人身安全——在种族主义和其他形式的歧视与性别不平等相交织的情况下，这些影响会更加严重。鉴于女性和处于多种不平等交叉点的人在疫情应对措施下变得更加脆弱，因此在任何危机开始时，都应优先考虑交叉女权主义应对措施。
