孕期邻苯二甲酸酯暴露与 7.5 个月大婴儿认知测量值的相关性。
Associations of prenatal exposure to phthalates with measures of cognition in 7.5-month-old infants.
机构信息
Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States.
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, United States; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 3505 Veterinary Medicine Basic Sciences Building, 2001 S. Lincoln Ave., Urbana, IL, 61802, United States.
出版信息
Neurotoxicology. 2021 May;84:84-95. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.03.001. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
BACKGROUND
Phthalates are endocrine disrupting chemicals that have been associated with adverse neurobehavior, but little is known about their influence on infant cognition.
METHODS
A visual recognition memory task was used to assess cognition in 244 7-8-month-old infants (121 females; 123 males) from a prospective cohort study. Phthalate metabolites were quantified in maternal urines pooled from across pregnancy. The task included familiarization trials (infant shown 2 identical faces) and test trials (infant shown the now familiar face paired with a novel one). Half of the infants saw one set of faces as familiar (set 1) and half saw the other set as familiar (set 2). During familiarization trials, average run duration (time looking at stimuli before looking away, measure of processing speed), and time to familiarization (time to reach 20 s looking at the stimuli, measure of attention) were assessed. During test trials, novelty preference (proportion of time looking at the novel face, measure of recognition memory) was assessed. Multivariable generalized linear models were used to assess associations of monoethyl phthalate (MEP), sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHP), sum of di(isononyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDINP), and sum of anti-androgenic phthalate metabolites (ΣAA) with each outcome.
RESULTS
Mothers were mostly white and college educated, and urine phthalate concentrations were similar to those in reproductive age women in the U.S.
POPULATION
All phthalate exposure biomarkers, except MEP, were associated with increases in average run duration. However, depending on the phthalate, associations were only in males or infants who saw the set 2 stimuli as familiar. Unexpectedly, ΣAA was associated with a shorter time to reach familiarization. Phthalate biomarkers also were associated with modest decrements in novelty preference, but these associations were nonsignificant.
CONCLUSION
Prenatal exposure to phthalates may be related to slower information processing and poorer recognition memory in infants.
背景
邻苯二甲酸酯是一种内分泌干扰化学物质，与不良神经行为有关，但人们对其对婴儿认知的影响知之甚少。
方法
使用视觉识别记忆任务评估了来自前瞻性队列研究的 244 名 7-8 个月大的婴儿（121 名女性；123 名男性）的认知能力。在整个怀孕期间收集了母亲尿液中的邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物进行定量分析。该任务包括熟悉试验（婴儿观看 2 张相同的面孔）和测试试验（婴儿观看现在熟悉的面孔和一张新面孔）。一半的婴儿将一组面孔视为熟悉（组 1），而另一半婴儿将另一组面孔视为熟悉（组 2）。在熟悉试验中，评估了平均运行时间（观看刺激物前的注视时间，处理速度的衡量标准）和熟悉时间（达到 20 秒观看刺激物的时间，注意力的衡量标准）。在测试试验中，评估了新奇偏好（观看新面孔的时间比例，识别记忆的衡量标准）。使用多变量广义线性模型评估单乙基邻苯二甲酸酯（MEP）、邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）代谢物总和（ΣDEHP）、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯代谢物总和（ΣDINP）和抗雄激素邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物总和（ΣAA）与每个结果的关联。
结果
母亲主要是白人且受过大学教育，尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯浓度与美国生育年龄妇女相似。
人群
除 MEP 外，所有邻苯二甲酸酯暴露生物标志物均与平均运行时间的增加有关。然而，取决于邻苯二甲酸酯，关联仅存在于男性或将组 2 刺激物视为熟悉的婴儿中。出乎意料的是，ΣAA 与达到熟悉的时间较短有关。邻苯二甲酸酯生物标志物也与新奇偏好的适度下降有关，但这些关联没有统计学意义。
结论
产前暴露于邻苯二甲酸酯可能与婴儿的信息处理速度较慢和识别记忆较差有关。
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