Serology and Virology Division, NSW Health Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Rev Med Virol. 2021 Nov;31(6):e2233. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2233. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Cellular receptors in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) mother to child transmission play an important role in congenital infection. Placental trophoblast cells are a significant cell type in placental development, placental functional processes, and in HCMV transmission. Different cells within the placental floating and chorionic villi present alternate receptors for HCMV cell entry. Syncytiotrophoblasts present neonatal Fc receptors that bind and transport circulating maternal immunoglobulin G across the placental interface which can also be bound to HCMV virions, facilitating viral entry into the placenta and foetal circulation. Cytotrophoblast express HCMV receptors including integrin-α1β1, integrin-αVβ3, epidermal growth factor receptor and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha. The latter interacts with HCMV glycoprotein-H, glycoprotein-L and glycoprotein-O (gH/gL/gO) trimers (predominantly in placental fibroblasts) and the gH/gL/pUL128, UL130-UL131A pentameric complex in other placental cell types. The pentameric complex allows viral tropism of placental trophoblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, leukocytes and monocytes. This review outlines HCMV ligands and target receptor proteins in congenital HCMV infection.
人类巨细胞病毒 (HCMV) 母婴传播中的细胞受体在先天性感染中起着重要作用。胎盘滋养层细胞是胎盘发育、胎盘功能过程以及 HCMV 传播中的重要细胞类型。胎盘绒毛中的不同细胞呈现出不同的 HCMV 细胞进入的替代受体。合胞滋养层呈现出新生儿 Fc 受体，该受体可以结合并转运循环中的母体免疫球蛋白 G 穿过胎盘界面，也可以与 HCMV 病毒粒子结合，促进病毒进入胎盘和胎儿循环。滋养层细胞表达 HCMV 受体，包括整合素-α1β1、整合素-αVβ3、表皮生长因子受体和血小板衍生生长因子受体α。后者与 HCMV 糖蛋白-H、糖蛋白-L 和糖蛋白-O（gH/gL/gO）三聚体（主要在胎盘成纤维细胞中）以及其他胎盘细胞类型中的 gH/gL/pUL128、UL130-UL131A 五聚体复合物相互作用。五聚体复合物允许病毒对胎盘滋养层细胞、内皮细胞、上皮细胞、白细胞和单核细胞的嗜性。这篇综述概述了先天性 HCMV 感染中 HCMV 的配体和靶受体蛋白。
