Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, Singapore, Singapore.
J Med Entomol. 2021 Mar 12;58(2):956-960. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjaa210.
Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is the insect vector that transmits several deadly human diseases. Although the egg stage is an important phase of its life cycle, the biology of mosquito egg remains poorly understood. Here, we report our investigations on the chemical factors that induced hatching of Ae. aegypti eggs. Commercial yeast extracts were able to increase egg hatching rate in a dose-dependent manner, with a hatching rate that ranged from approximately 10% with 1 g/liter to 80% with 20 g/liter of yeast extract. Notably, the addition of glutathione, a reducing agent that showed no significant effect on egg hatching by itself, enhanced and stabilized the activity of yeast extract for at least 70 h. Because dissolved oxygen in different treatments was maintained at high levels in a narrow range (92-95%), we proposed that yeast extract contains hatching inducing compound (HIC) which is able to trigger egg hatching independent of dissolved oxygen level. The HIC in yeast extract could prove to be a potential starting point to design an effective tool to forcefully induce mosquito eggs to hatch under unfavorable conditions, functioning as a novel method for vector control.
埃及伊蚊（Linnaeus，1762 年）是传播几种致命人类疾病的昆虫媒介。尽管卵期是其生命周期的重要阶段，但蚊子卵的生物学特性仍知之甚少。在这里，我们报告了我们对诱导埃及伊蚊卵孵化的化学因素的研究。商业酵母提取物能够以剂量依赖的方式增加卵的孵化率，从 1 克/升时约 10%的孵化率到 20 克/升时的 80%。值得注意的是，添加还原剂谷胱甘肽本身对卵孵化没有显著影响，但能够增强和稳定酵母提取物的活性，至少 70 小时。由于不同处理中的溶解氧水平在狭窄范围内（92-95%）保持在较高水平，我们提出酵母提取物中含有孵化诱导化合物（HIC），它能够在不依赖溶解氧水平的情况下触发卵孵化。酵母提取物中的 HIC 可能成为设计一种在不利条件下强制诱导蚊子卵孵化的有效工具的起点，作为一种新的病媒控制方法。
