Immunoassay Group, Indoor Biotechnologies Inc, Charlottesville, Va.
Immunoassay Group, Indoor Biotechnologies Inc, Charlottesville, Va.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 Jan;10(1):150-158.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.02.051. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Consumption of common allergenic foods, such as peanut, in early life can reduce the risk of food allergy among high-risk children and is recommended in revised clinical guidelines. Commercial early allergen introduction foods (EIF) containing single or multiple allergenic foods for feeding infants are promoted to consumers and health care providers as aids to prevent food allergy.
To determine the concentration and doses of major food allergens in EIF.
Extracts from 32 EIF and 4 control foods were analyzed for 17 allergens: Ara h 1, Ara h 3, Ara h 6, Bos d 5, Bos d 11, Gal d 1, Gal d 2, Ana o 3, Cor a 9, Jug r 1, Gly m 5, Ses i 1, Api g 1, Sin a 1, Cyp c 1, shrimp tropomyosin, and Tri a 19 using a validated fluorescent multiplex array. Ara h 2 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The EIF comprised 1-8 samples of 32 foods (n = 86). Combined peanut allergen levels of up to 26,000 μg/g were measured in peanut puffs (doses of 65-182 mg per 7 g serving). Peanut allergens were not detected in mixed food blend puffs. Major allergen levels of >10,000 μg/g were found in several milk, egg, and peanut powders, or combinations thereof, with cumulative allergen doses of 159-2946 mg in the EIF. Mixed food blend powders, puffs crackers, and fruit sauces contained much lower allergen levels, often <10 μg/g, and some had undetectable allergens. The allergen concentration in these EIF varied over a >3 log range and provided lower cumulative doses of allergen.
Significant variability in allergen composition, concentration, and dose per serving were observed in EIF containing the same foods. The doses of allergens consumed by potentially at-risk infants in early life were EIF dependent. Guidelines should be established to enable consumers and health care providers to make informed decisions about EIF and to improve the formulation and standardization of EIF for prevention of food allergy.
食用常见过敏原食物，如花生，可降低高危儿童食物过敏的风险，修订后的临床指南对此加以推荐。含有单一或多种过敏原食物的商业性早期过敏原引入食品（EIF），被宣传为帮助预防食物过敏的婴幼儿喂养辅助食品，向消费者和医疗保健提供者进行推广。
确定 EIF 中主要食物过敏原的浓度和剂量。
采用经验证的荧光多重阵列分析 32 种 EIF 和 4 种对照食品中的 17 种过敏原：Ara h 1、Ara h 3、Ara h 6、Bos d 5、Bos d 11、Gal d 1、Gal d 2、Ana o 3、Cor a 9、Jug r 1、Gly m 5、Ses i 1、Api g 1、Sin a 1、Cyp c 1、虾 tropomyosin 和 Tri a 19。通过酶联免疫吸附试验测量 Ara h 2。
EIF 由 32 种食品的 1-8 个样本组成（n=86）。在花生泡芙中检测到高达 26000μg/g 的花生过敏原（每份 7 g 中含有 65-182mg 的剂量）。在混合食物混合泡芙中未检测到花生过敏原。几种牛奶、鸡蛋和花生粉或其组合中的主要过敏原水平>10000μg/g，EIF 中的累积过敏原剂量为 159-2946mg。混合食物混合粉、泡芙饼干和水果酱中的过敏原水平较低，通常<10μg/g，有些则无法检测到过敏原。这些 EIF 中的过敏原浓度差异超过 3 个对数级，提供了较低的累积过敏原剂量。
在含有相同食物的 EIF 中观察到过敏原组成、浓度和每份剂量的显著差异。有潜在风险的婴儿在生命早期食用的过敏原剂量取决于 EIF。应制定指南，使消费者和医疗保健提供者能够就 EIF 做出明智的决策，并改善 EIF 的配方和标准化，以预防食物过敏。
