Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Germany; EKFZ - Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2021 Jul 1;1862(7):148409. doi: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148409. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
The ratio of ADP and ATP is a natural indicator of cellular bioenergetic state and thus a prominent analyte in metabolism research. Beyond adenylate interconversion via oxidative phosphorylation and ATPase activities, ADP and ATP act as steric regulators of enzymes, e.g. cytochrome C oxidase, and are major factors in mitochondrial calcium storage potential. Consideration of all routes of adenylate conversion is critical to successfully predict their abundance in an experimental system and to correctly interpret many aspects of mitochondrial function. We showcase here how adenylate kinases elicit considerable impact on the outcome of a variety of mitochondrial assays through their drastic manipulation of the adenylate profile. Parameters affected include cytochrome c oxidase activity, P/O ratio, and mitochondrial calcium dynamics. Study of the latter revealed that the presence of ATP is required for mitochondrial calcium to be shaped into a particularly dense form of mitochondrial amorphous calcium phosphate.
ADP 与 ATP 的比值是细胞生物能量状态的天然指示剂，因此也是代谢研究中的重要分析物。除了通过氧化磷酸化和 ATP 酶活性进行腺嘌呤核苷酸的相互转化外，ADP 和 ATP 还作为细胞色素 C 氧化酶等酶的空间调节剂，是线粒体钙储存潜力的主要因素。考虑到腺嘌呤核苷酸转化的所有途径，对于成功预测实验系统中它们的丰度以及正确解释线粒体功能的许多方面都至关重要。在这里，我们展示了通过对腺嘌呤核苷酸图谱的剧烈操作，腺苷酸激酶如何对各种线粒体测定的结果产生重大影响。受影响的参数包括细胞色素 c 氧化酶活性、P/O 比和线粒体钙动力学。对后者的研究表明，存在 ATP 是将线粒体钙塑造成特别致密形式的线粒体无定形钙磷所必需的。
