MCC-Spain 研究中工业设施周边地区胃癌的发病风险。
Risk of gastric cancer in the environs of industrial facilities in the MCC-Spain study.
机构信息
Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071, León, Spain.
出版信息
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jun 1;278:116854. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116854. Epub 2021 Mar 3.
BACKGROUND
Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent tumor worldwide. In Spain, it presents a large geographic variability in incidence, suggesting a possible role of environmental factors in its etiology. Therefore, epidemiologic research focused on environmental exposures is necessary.
OBJECTIVES
To assess the association between risk of gastric cancer (by histological type and tumor site) and residential proximity to industrial installations, according to categories of industrial groups and specific pollutants released, in the context of a population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer conducted in Spain (MCC-Spain).
METHODS
In this study, 2664 controls and 137 gastric cancer cases from 9 provinces, frequency matched by province of residence, age, and sex were included. Distances from the individuals' residences to the 106 industries located in the study areas were computed. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance (from 1 km to 3 km) to industries, adjusting for matching variables and potential confounders.
RESULTS
Overall, no excess risk of gastric cancer was observed in people living close to the industrial installations, with ORs ranging from 0.73 (at ≤2.5 km) to 0.93 (at ≤1.5 km). However, by industrial sector, excess risks (OR; 95%CI) were found near organic chemical industry (3.51; 1.42-8.69 at ≤2 km), inorganic chemical industry (3.33; 1.12-9.85 at ≤2 km), food/beverage sector (2.48; 1.12-5.50 at ≤2 km), and surface treatment using organic solvents (3.59; 1.40-9.22 at ≤3 km). By specific pollutant, a statistically significant excess risk (OR; 95%CI) was found near (≤3 km) industries releasing nonylphenol (6.43; 2.30-17.97) and antimony (4.82; 1.94-12.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest no association between risk of gastric cancer and living in the proximity to the industrial facilities as a whole. However, a few associations were detected near some industrial sectors and installations releasing specific pollutants.
背景
胃癌是全球第五大常见肿瘤。在西班牙，其发病率存在较大的地域差异，提示环境因素可能在其发病机制中起作用。因此，有必要开展针对环境暴露的流行病学研究。
目的
在西班牙进行的一项基于人群的病例对照研究（MCC-Spain）中，评估胃癌（按组织学类型和肿瘤部位）与居住在工业设施附近的相关性，并根据工业类别和特定污染物的释放情况进行分类。
方法
该研究纳入了来自 9 个省份的 2664 名对照者和 137 名胃癌患者，这些患者按居住地省份、年龄和性别进行频数匹配。计算个体住所到研究区域内 106 家工业企业的距离。使用 logistic 回归来估计距离（从 1 公里到 3 公里）类别与工业企业的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（95%CI），调整匹配变量和潜在混杂因素。
结果
总体而言，居住在工业设施附近的人群并未观察到胃癌风险增加，OR 值范围为 0.73（≤2.5 公里）至 0.93（≤1.5 公里）。然而，按工业部门来看，在有机化学工业（OR：3.51；95%CI：1.42-8.69；≤2 公里）、无机化学工业（OR：3.33；95%CI：1.12-9.85；≤2 公里）、食品/饮料行业（OR：2.48；95%CI：1.12-5.50；≤2 公里）和使用有机溶剂进行表面处理的行业（OR：3.59；95%CI：1.40-9.22；≤3 公里）附近发现了风险增加的现象。按特定污染物来看，在距离（≤3 公里）释放壬基酚（OR：6.43；95%CI：2.30-17.97）和锑（OR：4.82；95%CI：1.94-12.01）的工业企业附近发现了统计学意义上的风险增加。
结论
结果提示，整体而言，胃癌风险与居住在工业设施附近之间无关联。然而，在一些特定的工业部门和释放特定污染物的设施附近发现了一些关联。
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