Martin Youri, Titeux Nicolas, Van Dyck Hans
Behavioural Ecology and Conservation Group Earth and Life Institute UCLouvain (Université Catholique de Louvain) Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium.
Observatory for Climate Environment and Biodiversity Environmental Research and Innovation Department Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology Belvaux Luxembourg.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Feb 11;11(5):2336-2345. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7202. eCollection 2021 Mar.
Poleward range shifts under climate change involve the colonization of new sites and hence the foundation of new populations at the expanding edge. We studied oviposition site selection in a butterfly under range expansion (), a key process for the establishment of new populations. We described and compared the microhabitats used by the species for egg laying with those available across the study sites both in edge and in core populations. We carried out an ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA) to estimate (1) the variety of microhabitats used by the butterfly for egg laying (tolerance) and (2) the extent to which these selected microhabitats deviated from those available (marginality). Microhabitat availability was similar in edge and core populations. Ambient temperature recorded at the site level above the vegetation was on average lower at core populations. In contrast with what is often assumed, edge populations did not have narrower microhabitat use compared to core populations. Females in edge populations even showed a higher degree of generalism: They laid eggs under a wider range of microhabitats. We suggest that this pattern could be related to an overrepresentation of fast deciding personalities in edge populations. We also showed that the thermal time window for active female behavior was reduced in edge populations, which could significantly decrease the time budget for oviposition and decrease the threshold of acceptance during microhabitat selection for oviposition in recently established populations.
气候变化下的向极范围移动涉及新地点的定殖，从而在扩张边缘形成新种群。我们研究了一种处于范围扩张中的蝴蝶的产卵地选择（），这是新种群建立的关键过程。我们描述并比较了该物种用于产卵的微生境与研究地点边缘和核心种群中可用的微生境。我们进行了生态位因子分析（ENFA），以估计（1）蝴蝶用于产卵的微生境的多样性（耐受性），以及（2）这些选定的微生境与可用微生境的偏离程度（边缘性）。边缘种群和核心种群的微生境可用性相似。植被上方站点水平记录的环境温度在核心种群中平均较低。与通常的假设相反，边缘种群与核心种群相比，对微生境的利用并不更窄。边缘种群中的雌性甚至表现出更高的通用性：它们在更广泛的微生境下产卵。我们认为这种模式可能与边缘种群中快速决策个性的过度代表有关。我们还表明，边缘种群中活跃雌性行为的热时间窗口减小，这可能会显著减少产卵的时间预算，并降低新建立种群中产卵微生境选择期间的接受阈值。
