Liu Xinhe, Wang Ning, Wang Jinyan, Luo Fei
CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Mar 2;9:e11002. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11002. eCollection 2021.
Temporal estimation can be influenced by pain, which is a complex psychological and physiological phenomenon. However, the time range in which perception is most sensitive to pain remains unclear.
In the present study, we explored the effects of acute inflammatory pain on time perception in the sub- to supra-second (0.6-2.4-s) and supra-second (2-8-s) ranges in rats. Plantar formalin injection was used to induce acute inflammatory pain, and a temporal bisection task was used to measure time perception. Task test sessions were held for five consecutive days (one per day): the day before injection (baseline), immediately after injection, and the three post-injection days. The point of subjective equality (PSE, which reflects the subjective duration) and Weber fraction (which reflects temporal sensitivity) were calculated and analysed.
In the 0.6-2.4-s range, the PSE was significantly lower, indicating prolonged subjective duration, in the formalin group relative to the saline group ( = 0.049) immediately after injection. Formalin-induced pain also tended to lengthened time perception in the 0.6-2.4-s range on post-injection days 2 ( = 0.06) and 3 ( = 0.054). In the 2-8-s range, formalin injection did not affect the PSE or Weber fraction.
The enhanced effect of pain on temporal perception in the sub- to supra-second range is observed in this study and this effect is attenuated with the prolongation of estimated time, even in rats.
时间估计可能会受到疼痛的影响，疼痛是一种复杂的心理和生理现象。然而，感知对疼痛最敏感的时间范围仍不清楚。
在本研究中，我们探讨了急性炎症性疼痛对大鼠亚秒至秒以上（0.6 - 2.4秒）和秒以上（2 - 8秒）时间范围内时间感知的影响。采用足底注射福尔马林诱导急性炎症性疼痛，并使用时间二等分任务来测量时间感知。任务测试环节连续进行五天（每天一次）：注射前一天（基线）、注射后立即进行，以及注射后的三天。计算并分析主观相等点（PSE，反映主观持续时间）和韦伯分数（反映时间敏感性）。
在0.6 - 2.4秒范围内，注射后立即测量发现，福尔马林组的主观相等点显著低于生理盐水组（P = 0.049），表明主观持续时间延长。福尔马林诱导的疼痛在注射后第2天（P = 0.06）和第3天（P = 0.054）也倾向于延长0.6 - 2.4秒范围内的时间感知。在2 - 8秒范围内，注射福尔马林对主观相等点或韦伯分数没有影响。
本研究观察到疼痛对亚秒至秒以上时间范围内时间感知的增强作用，并且即使在大鼠中，这种作用也会随着估计时间的延长而减弱。
