Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2021 May 1;320(5):E886-E890. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00608.2020. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
The first therapeutic use of insulin by Frederick Banting and Charles Best in 1921 revolutionized the management of type 1 diabetes and considerably changed the lives of many patients with other types of diabetes. In the past 100 years, significant pharmacological advances took place in the field of insulin therapy, bringing closer the goal of optimal glycemic control along with decreased diabetes-related complications. Despite these developments, several challenges remain, such as increasing treatment flexibility, reducing iatrogenic hypoglycemia, and optimizing patient quality of life. Ongoing innovations in insulin therapy (e.g., new insulin analogs, alternative routes of insulin administration, and closed-loop technology) endeavor to overcome these hurdles and change the landscape of diabetes mellitus management. This report highlights recent advances made in the field of insulin therapy and discusses future perspectives.
胰岛素的首次治疗应用于 1921 年，由 Frederick Banting 和 Charles Best 共同完成，这一举措彻底改变了 1 型糖尿病的治疗方式，并显著改善了其他类型糖尿病患者的生活。在过去的 100 年里，胰岛素治疗领域取得了重大的药理学进展，使实现最佳血糖控制并减少糖尿病相关并发症的目标更加接近。尽管取得了这些进展，但仍存在一些挑战，例如提高治疗灵活性、减少医源性低血糖以及优化患者的生活质量。胰岛素治疗的持续创新（例如新型胰岛素类似物、胰岛素给药途径的替代方案和闭环技术）旨在克服这些障碍并改变糖尿病管理的格局。本报告重点介绍了胰岛素治疗领域的最新进展，并讨论了未来展望。
