Specific Features of Intracellular Signal Transduction in the Regulation of Functions of Neural Stem Cells and Committed Neuronal Progenitors.

We studied the role of NF-κB-, cAMP/PKA-, JAKs/STAT3-, ERK1/2-, p38-, JNK- and p53- mediated signaling pathways in the realization of the growth potential of neural stem cells and committed neuronal progenitors under in vitro conditions. The method of pharmacological blockade with selective inhibitors of individual signaling molecules revealed some principal differences in their role in the determination of the proliferation and differentiation status of progenitor cells of different classes. Analysis of the peculiarities of intracellular signaling in cells and comparison of the role of its individual elements attest to the prospects of developing new drugs with neuroregenerative activity based on STAT3 inhibitors or JNK activators. These modulations of activity of signaling molecules can stimulate the realization of the growth potential of committed neuronal progenitors and neutral stem cells, respectively. The blockade of STAT3 and an increase in the content of phosphorylated forms of JNK had no "negative" effects on the functioning of multipotent neural stem cells and committed neuronal progenitors, respectively.