Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Curr Pharm Des. 2021;27(17):2015-2025. doi: 10.2174/1381612824666210316101528.
Buccal drug delivery is a fascinating research field. Gel-based formulations present potent characteristics as buccal systems since they have great physicochemical properties.
Among the various gels, in situ gels are viscous colloidal systems consisting of polymers; when physiological conditions change (pH, temperature, ion activation), they are transformed into the gel phase. These systems can improve bioavailability. Other systems, such as nanogels or emulgels can also be applied for buccal delivery with promising results. Polymeric gel-based systems can be produced by natural, semisynthetic, and synthetic polymers. Their main advantage is that the active molecules can be released in a sustained and controllable manner. Several gels based on chitosan are produced for the entrapment of drugs demonstrating efficient retention time and bioavailability due to chitosan mucoadhesion. Besides polysaccharides, poloxamers and carbopol are also used in buccal gels due to their high swelling ability and reversed thermal gelation behavior.
Herein, the authors focused on the current development of mucoadhesive gel systems used in buccal drug delivery. After explaining buccal drug delivery and mucoadhesion, various studies with hydrogels, in situ gels, and nanogels were analyzed as buccal gel systems. Various mucoadhesive gel studies with mucoadhesive polymers have been studied and summarized. This review is presented as valuable guidance to scientists in formulating buccal mucoadhesive drug delivery systems.
This review aimed to assist researchers working on buccal drug delivery by summarizing buccal drug delivery, mucoadhesion, and buccal mucoadhesive gel systems recently found in the literature.
颊部给药是一个引人入胜的研究领域。基于凝胶的制剂作为颊用系统具有很大的潜力，因为它们具有很好的物理化学性质。
在各种凝胶中，原位凝胶是由聚合物组成的粘性胶体系统；当生理条件发生变化（pH 值、温度、离子激活）时，它们会转变为凝胶相。这些系统可以提高生物利用度。其他系统，如纳米凝胶或乳凝胶也可以应用于颊部给药，具有有前景的结果。基于聚合物的凝胶系统可以由天然、半合成和合成聚合物制成。它们的主要优点是可以以持续和可控的方式释放活性分子。有几种基于壳聚糖的凝胶被用于药物包封，由于壳聚糖的粘膜黏附性，显示出有效的滞留时间和生物利用度。除了多糖外，泊洛沙姆和卡波姆也由于其高溶胀能力和反向热凝胶化行为而被用于颊用凝胶。
本文作者专注于目前用于颊部药物传递的粘膜黏附性凝胶系统的发展。在解释颊部药物传递和粘膜黏附性之后，分析了各种水凝胶、原位凝胶和纳米凝胶作为颊用凝胶系统的研究。对具有粘膜黏附性聚合物的各种粘膜黏附性凝胶研究进行了研究和总结。本综述为科学家在制定颊用粘膜黏附性药物传递系统方面提供了有价值的指导。
本综述旨在通过总结最近在文献中发现的颊部药物传递、粘膜黏附性和颊用粘膜黏附性凝胶系统，为从事颊部药物传递研究的研究人员提供帮助。
