Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA; Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.
Dev Cell. 2021 May 17;56(10):1417-1429. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.02.024. Epub 2021 Mar 16.
Food shortages represent a common challenge for most animal species. As a consequence, many have evolved metabolic strategies encompassing extreme starvation-resistance capabilities, going without food for months or even years. One such strategy is to store substantial levels of fat when food is available and release these energy-rich lipids during periods of dearth. In this review, we provide an overview of the strategies and pathways underlying the extreme capacity for animals to store and mobilize lipids during nutritionally stressful environmental conditions and highlight accompanying resilience phenotypes that allow these animals to develop and tolerate such profound metabolic phenotypes.
食物短缺是大多数动物物种面临的共同挑战。因此，许多动物进化出了包含极端耐饥饿能力的代谢策略，可以数月甚至数年不进食。其中一种策略是在有食物时储存大量脂肪，并在食物匮乏时释放这些富含能量的脂质。在这篇综述中，我们概述了动物在营养压力环境条件下储存和动员脂质的极端能力所依赖的策略和途径，并强调了伴随的弹性表型，使这些动物能够发展和耐受这种深刻的代谢表型。
