University of Chichester.
King's College London.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2021 Apr 1;43(2):191-197. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0026. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Extensive literature has shown the effect of "quiet eye" (QE) on motor performance. However, little attention has been paid to the context in which tasks are executed (independent of anxiety) and the mechanisms that underpin the phenomenon. Here, the authors aimed to investigate the effects of context (independent of anxiety) on QE and performance while examining if the mechanisms underpinning QE are rooted in cognitive effort. In this study, 21 novice participants completed golf putts while pupil dilation, QE duration, and putting accuracy were measured. Results showed that putting to win was more accurate compared with the control (no context) condition, and QE duration was longer when putting to win or tie a hole compared with control. There was no effect of context on pupil dilation. Results suggest that, while the task was challenging, performance scenarios can enhance representativeness of practice without adding additional load to cognitive resources, even for novice performers.
大量文献表明，“静视”（QE）对运动表现有影响。然而，人们很少关注任务执行的背景（与焦虑无关）以及支撑这一现象的机制。在这里，作者旨在研究在考察静视的潜在机制是否源于认知努力的情况下，背景（与焦虑无关）对静视和表现的影响。在这项研究中，21 名新手参与者在测量瞳孔扩张、静视持续时间和推杆准确性的情况下完成高尔夫推杆。结果表明，与控制（无背景）条件相比，推杆赢得比赛的准确率更高，与控制相比，推杆获胜或打平一洞时静视持续时间更长。背景对瞳孔扩张没有影响。结果表明，虽然任务具有挑战性，但在不增加认知资源负担的情况下，表现场景可以增强练习的代表性，即使对于新手表演者也是如此。
