Pisinger Charlotta H, Nielsen Frederik, Halldorsson Agnete, Godtfredsen Nina S
Ugeskr Laeger. 2021 Mar 8;183(10).
It is broadly believed that smokers who have ceased to smoke before the age of 30 years, have no excess health risk compared with never-smokers. As summarised in this review, large, prospective cohort studies show, that this holds true regarding all-cause mortality for men, whereas the risk of dying remains slightly elevated for women, who quit smoking early. The risk of lung cancer also remains elevated. Smoking also increases the risk of physical and mental problems in youth. The evidence is strongest regarding infertility, impotence, reproductive health outcomes, cardio-vascular and respiratory symptoms.
人们普遍认为,30岁之前戒烟的吸烟者与从不吸烟者相比,不存在额外的健康风险。正如本综述所总结的,大型前瞻性队列研究表明,就男性的全因死亡率而言确实如此,而对于早期戒烟的女性,死亡风险仍略有升高。肺癌风险也依然较高。吸烟还会增加年轻人出现身心问题的风险。关于不孕症、阳痿、生殖健康结果、心血管和呼吸道症状的证据最为确凿。