Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Org Biomol Chem. 2021 Apr 14;19(14):3036-3054. doi: 10.1039/d0ob02446e. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
Alkenes are versatile building blocks in modern organic synthesis. In the difunctionalization reactions of alkenes, two functional groups can be simultaneously introduced into the π system. This is an efficient strategy for the synthesis of multifunctional compounds with complex structures and has the advantages of atom and step economy. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds are widely found in natural products and synthetic compounds, such as dyes, pesticides, medicines, artificial resins, and so on. Many natural products with high biological activity and a broad range of drugs have nitrogen-containing functional groups. The research on the construction methods of C-N bonds has always been one of the most important tasks in organic synthesis, especially in drug synthesis, and the synthetic methods starting from simple and easily available raw materials have been a topic of interest to chemists. The aminative difunctionalization of alkenes can efficiently construct C-N bonds, and at the same time, prepare some compounds that usually require multiple steps of reaction. It is one of the most effective strategies for the simple and efficient synthesis of functionalized nitrogen-containing compounds. This review outlines the major developments focusing on the transition metal-catalyzed or metal-free diamination, aminohalogenation, aminocarbonation, amino-oxidation and aminoboronation reactions of alkenes from 2015-2020.
烯烃是现代有机合成中用途广泛的结构单元。在烯烃的双官能团化反应中，可以同时将两个官能团引入到π体系中。这是合成具有复杂结构的多功能化合物的有效策略，具有原子经济性和步骤经济性的优点。含氮有机化合物广泛存在于天然产物和合成化合物中，如染料、农药、药物、人工树脂等。许多具有高生物活性和广泛用途的天然产物和药物都含有含氮官能团。C-N 键的构建方法的研究一直是有机合成中最重要的任务之一，特别是在药物合成中，从简单易得的原料出发的合成方法一直是化学家关注的课题。烯烃的氮官能团化反应可以有效地构建 C-N 键，同时可以制备一些通常需要多步反应才能得到的化合物。这是合成功能化含氮化合物的简单高效的最有效策略之一。本文综述了 2015-2020 年过渡金属催化或无金属催化的烯烃双氮官能团化反应、氮卤化、氮羧化、氮氧化和氮硼化反应的主要进展。
