Institute of Geography, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Štefánikova 49, 81473, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31155, Krakow, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 18;11(1):6289. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85805-2.
The paper evaluates the impact of river training works designed to address problems associated with flooding on the braided-wandering Belá River in Slovakian Carpathians. This impact was investigated after the flood event in July 2018 on 11 river reaches where the river engineering and management intervention was applied. We analyzed its impact by spatio-temporal variations in river morphology (12 channel parameters) and changes in cross-section and hydraulic parameters (flow velocity, shear stress, stream power, W/D ratio) between pre- and post-flood management periods. The research hypotheses related to decreasing geodiversity in managed river reaches, a rapid increase in flow velocity during an extreme flood in river reaches where there is no sufficient floodplain inundation due to artificially high banks built by river training works, and increasing erosive force in the channel zone thanks to river management intervention were confirmed. The intervention in the braidplain area of the Belá River resulted in an undesirable simplification of the river pattern, loss of geomorphic diversity, loss of channel-floodplain connectivity, and disturbance and restraint of hydromorphological continuity. Identification of main conflicts of the Belá River management is important for clarifying the different approaches of stakeholders in the study area and aims to provide an objective illustration of their consequences. The presented analyses could help in future management issues as well as in the more critical decision-making process in vulnerable and rare braided river systems on the present when we are losing so many natural rivers by human decisions.
本文评估了旨在解决斯洛伐克喀尔巴阡山脉辫状游荡河贝拉河洪水问题的河流整治工程对该河的影响。这项影响研究是在 2018 年 7 月洪水事件之后进行的，研究地点涉及 11 个进行了河流工程和管理干预的河段。我们通过河道形态的时空变化（12 个河道参数）以及洪水前后管理期的河道横断面和水力参数（流速、剪切应力、水流功率、W/D 比）变化来分析这种影响。研究提出了一些假设，涉及管理河段中地球多样性减少、由于河流整治工程导致河岸人为抬高，在没有足够洪泛区淹没的情况下，洪水期间流速迅速增加，以及由于河流管理干预导致河道区侵蚀力增加等问题。贝拉河辫状平原地区的干预导致河道形态的不必要简化、地貌多样性丧失、河道与洪泛区的连接丧失、以及水力学连续性的干扰和限制。明确贝拉河管理的主要冲突对于厘清研究区域利益相关者的不同方法非常重要，并旨在客观说明其后果。所进行的分析有助于未来的管理问题，以及在脆弱和罕见的辫状河流系统中更具关键性的决策制定过程中，因为我们现在正在通过人类决策失去如此多的自然河流。
