Seixas Rita, Pignault Anne, Houssemand Claude
Department of Education and Social Work, Institute for Lifelong Learning and Guidance, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
Laboratory of Psychology & Neurosciences (2LPN, EA7489), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.
Eur J Psychol. 2021 Feb 26;17(1):70-84. doi: 10.5964/ejop.2755. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Emotion regulation is a human adaptation process with important implications for daily life. Two specific emotion regulation strategies were the principle areas of study: reappraisal (cognitive change in which individuals adapt their state of mind about a given situation) and expressive suppression (response modulation in which individuals change their emotional response after its initiation). The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), that captures individual tendencies to reappraise and to suppress the expression of emotions, was also developed. Response modulation strategy was analyzed by considering two distinct processes: expressive suppression (down-regulation) and expressive enhancement (up-regulation). This latter modulation process has been less frequently studied by researchers. The present study investigates the psychometrical properties, individual differences and correlates of a French adapted version of the ERQ, which comprises reappraisal and the two response modulation tendencies - expressive suppression and expressive enhancement. Based on the initial ERQ, new items were created and added to the scale. The three-factor structure of the ERQ adapted was confirmed. As expected, emotion regulation is linked to individual differences: the tendency to reappraise has a positive low correlation with age; and men are significantly more disposed to suppress and to enhance than women. Finally, the tendency to suppress the expression of emotions is negatively correlated with extraversion, and the disposition to enhance the expression of emotions is negatively correlated with conscientiousness.
情绪调节是一个对日常生活具有重要影响的人类适应过程。两项特定的情绪调节策略是研究的主要领域：重新评价（个体对给定情境改变其心境的认知变化）和表达抑制（个体在情绪反应开始后改变其情绪反应的反应调节）。还编制了情绪调节问卷（ERQ），该问卷能够捕捉个体重新评价和抑制情绪表达的倾向。通过考虑两个不同的过程来分析反应调节策略：表达抑制（下调）和表达增强（上调）。后一种调节过程较少受到研究者的关注。本研究调查了法语版ERQ的心理测量特性、个体差异及其相关因素，该问卷包括重新评价以及两种反应调节倾向——表达抑制和表达增强。基于最初的ERQ，创建了新项目并添加到量表中。改编后的ERQ的三因素结构得到了证实。正如预期的那样，情绪调节与个体差异相关：重新评价的倾向与年龄呈低正相关；男性比女性更倾向于抑制和增强情绪表达。最后，抑制情绪表达的倾向与外向性呈负相关，增强情绪表达的倾向与尽责性呈负相关。
