Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain.
Pain Med. 2021 Dec 11;22(12):3021-3029. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnab106.
To evaluate gender differences in clinical characteristics of migraine by examining presence and severity of cutaneous allodynia, migraine-related disability, neck pain and its associated disability, passive mobility of the upper cervical spine, and performance of the deep neck flexor muscles.
Cross-sectional study.
30 men and 30 women with migraine.
Participants responded to the questionnaires Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire, 12-item Allodynia Symptom Checklist, and Neck Disability Index. The mobility of the upper cervical spine was assessed by using the Flexion-Rotation Test. Performance of the deep neck flexor muscles was evaluated by applying the Craniocervical Flexion Test. Comparison of the groups was carried out by using the Student's t-test or the χ2 test. The prevalence ratio was also calculated.
Women showed a higher prevalence of cutaneous allodynia (P = .001) and a 4 times greater risk of having severe cutaneous allodynia than to men (P = 0.007). No gender differences were observed in migraine-related disability (P = .08). Women showed higher prevalence of self-reported neck pain (P = .03) and increased risk of having this symptom in comparison to men (Prevalence Ratio = 1.69; P = 0.025). However, there were no gender differences in neck pain-related disability (P = .25), mobility of the upper cervical spine (P = .92), or performance of the deep neck flexor muscles (P = .52).
Women with migraine had a higher frequency of self-reported neck pain and higher prevalence and severity of cutaneous allodynia when compared to men. However, the two groups did not differ regarding neck pain-related disability and performance in the physical tests.
通过检查皮肤感觉过敏、偏头痛相关残疾、颈痛及其相关残疾、上颈椎被动活动度和深层颈屈肌功能的存在和严重程度，评估偏头痛患者的临床特征中的性别差异。
横断面研究。
30 名男性和 30 名女性偏头痛患者。
参与者回答偏头痛残疾评估问卷、12 项感觉过敏症状检查表和颈痛指数问卷。使用屈伸旋转试验评估上颈椎的活动度。通过应用颅颈屈伸试验评估深层颈屈肌的功能。使用学生 t 检验或卡方检验比较两组。还计算了患病率比。
女性皮肤感觉过敏的患病率更高（P=0.001），且比男性更容易出现严重的皮肤感觉过敏（P=0.007）。偏头痛相关残疾方面，两组间无性别差异（P=0.08）。女性自我报告颈痛的患病率更高（P=0.03），与男性相比，颈痛的风险增加（患病率比=1.69；P=0.025）。然而，颈痛相关残疾（P=0.25）、上颈椎活动度（P=0.92）或深层颈屈肌功能（P=0.52）方面，两组间无性别差异。
与男性相比，女性偏头痛患者自我报告颈痛的频率更高，皮肤感觉过敏的患病率和严重程度更高。然而，两组在颈痛相关残疾和物理测试表现方面没有差异。
