Li Jiantao, Dai Alvin, Amine Khalil, Lu Jun
Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Small. 2021 Dec;17(48):e2007760. doi: 10.1002/smll.202007760. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
Li-CO batteries with dual efficacy for greenhouse gas CO sequestration and high energy output have been regarded as a promising electrochemical energy storage technology. However, battery feasibility has been hampered by inferior electrochemical performance due to large overpotentials and low cyclability primarily caused by the difficult decomposition of ultra-stable Li CO during charge. The use of cathode catalysts has been highlighted as a promising solution and catalyst properties, as well as the nature of discharge products, are closely correlated with electrochemical performance. Here, the catalyst design strategies that include active site enrichment, electrical transport enhancement, and mass transfer improvement are summarized. Catalyst effects on product decomposition are then subsequently introduced, while product geometry and chemical composition will be explored, with an emphasis on the formation/decomposition of Li C O instead of Li CO . Building on previous research, future directions that facilitate improvements in catalyst design are put forward to reinforce the fundamental development of Li-CO batteries.
具有温室气体二氧化碳封存和高能量输出双重功效的锂-二氧化碳电池被视为一种很有前景的电化学储能技术。然而，由于充电过程中超稳定的碳酸锂难以分解，导致过电位大、循环稳定性低，电池的可行性受到了较差的电化学性能的阻碍。使用阴极催化剂被认为是一种很有前景的解决方案，催化剂的性能以及放电产物的性质与电化学性能密切相关。在此，总结了包括活性位点富集、电子传输增强和传质改善在内的催化剂设计策略。随后介绍了催化剂对产物分解的影响，同时将探讨产物的几何形状和化学成分，重点是碳酸二锂而不是碳酸锂的形成/分解。在先前研究的基础上，提出了有助于改进催化剂设计的未来方向，以加强锂-二氧化碳电池的基础开发。
