可遗传的人类基因组编辑：研究进展、伦理考虑和临床实践的障碍。

Heritable human genome editing: Research progress, ethical considerations, and hurdles to clinical practice.

机构信息

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.

Professor of Medical Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

出版信息

Cell. 2021 Mar 18;184(6):1561-1574. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.036.

DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.036

PMID:33740453

Abstract

Our genome at conception determines much of our health as an adult. Most human diseases have a heritable component and thus may be preventable through heritable genome editing. Preventing disease from the beginning of life before irreversible damage has occurred is an admirable goal, but the path to fruition remains unclear. Here, we review the significant scientific contributions to the field of human heritable genome editing, the unique ethical challenges that cannot be overlooked, and the hurdles that must be overcome prior to translating these technologies into clinical practice.

摘要

从受孕之时起，我们的基因组就决定了我们成年后的大部分健康状况。大多数人类疾病都具有遗传成分，因此可以通过可遗传的基因组编辑来预防。在不可逆损害发生之前，从生命伊始预防疾病是一个令人钦佩的目标，但实现这一目标的途径仍不清楚。在这里，我们回顾了人类可遗传基因组编辑领域的重大科学贡献、不可忽视的独特伦理挑战，以及在将这些技术转化为临床实践之前必须克服的障碍。