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北美北方森林火灾在格陵兰岛西北部的雪地上的记录。

Record of North American boreal forest fires in northwest Greenland snow.

机构信息

Division of Glacial Environment Research, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.

Division of Glacial Environment Research, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 2021 Aug;276:130187. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130187. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Abstract

We present boreal forest fire proxies in a northwest Greenland snowpit spanning a period of six years, from spring 2003 to summer 2009. Levoglucosan (CHO) is a specific organic molecular marker of biomass burning caused by boreal forest fires. In this study, levoglucosan was determined via liquid chromatography/negative ion electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, wherein isotope-dilution and multiple reaction monitoring methods are employed. Ammonium (NH) and oxalate (CO), traditional biomass burning proxies, were determined using two-channel ion chromatography. In the northwest Greenland snowpit, peaks in levoglucosan, ammonium, and oxalate were observed in snow layers corresponding to the summer-fall seasons of 2004 and 2005. Considered together, these spikes are a marker for large boreal forest fires. The levoglucosan deposited in the Greenland snow was strongly dependent on long-range atmospheric transportation. A 10-day backward air mass trajectory analysis supports that the major contributors were air masses from North America. In addition, satellite-derived carbon monoxide (CO) and ammonia (NH) concentrations suggest that chemicals from North American boreal forest fires during the summer-fall of 2004 and 2005 were transported to Greenland. However, large boreal fires in Siberia in 2003 and 2008 were not recorded in the snowpit. The sub-annual resolution measurements of levoglucosan and ammonium can distinguish between the contributions of past boreal forest fires and soil emissions from anthropogenic activity to Greenland snow and ice.

摘要

我们在一个西北格陵兰雪坑中提供了六年的北方森林火灾示踪剂,时间跨度从 2003 年春季到 2009 年夏季。左旋葡聚糖(CHO)是北方森林火灾引起的生物质燃烧的特定有机分子标记物。在这项研究中,左旋葡聚糖通过液相色谱/负离子电喷雾串联质谱法测定,其中采用同位素稀释和多反应监测方法。铵(NH)和草酸盐(CO)是传统的生物质燃烧示踪剂,使用双通道离子色谱法测定。在西北格陵兰雪坑中,在对应于 2004 年和 2005 年夏秋季的雪层中观察到左旋葡聚糖、铵和草酸盐的峰值。这些峰值一起是北方大型森林火灾的标志。在格陵兰雪地上沉积的左旋葡聚糖强烈依赖于长距离大气传输。10 天的后向气团轨迹分析支持主要贡献者是来自北美的气团。此外,卫星衍生的一氧化碳(CO)和氨(NH)浓度表明,2004 年和 2005 年夏季至秋季来自北美的北方森林火灾的化学物质被输送到格陵兰。然而,2003 年和 2008 年西伯利亚的大规模森林火灾在雪坑中没有记录。左旋葡聚糖和铵的亚年分辨率测量可以区分过去北方森林火灾和人为活动引起的土壤排放对格陵兰冰雪的贡献。

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