Zeng Wei-Bin, Gu Gao-Quan, Wan Xiao-Ming, Lei Mei
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2021 Mar 8;42(3):1105-1113. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202010267.
A multifunctional industrial park can perform both producing and living functions. The smelting and processing of non-ferrous metals may lead to soil pollution, posing risks to human beings. In this study, an industrial park located in central Anhui Province, China, with copper (Cu) processing and mechanical components as the main industries, was selected as the study object. By collecting and testing soil and dust samples, the horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of heavy metals in soil and dust in the park were analyzed. The ecological risk index is used to identify areas with higher risks and correlation and principal component analysis are used to disclose the potential source of heavy metals. Results showed that the contents of Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Cd in the soil were 2.65, 1.76, 1.56, 2.14, and 3.87 times that of the background value, respectively. The heavy metal content of dust was significantly higher than that of soil, with contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg, As, Pb, and Cd of 1.93, 1.05, 7.57, 4.63, 6.08, 5.39, 2.58, and 5.50 times that of the background value, respectively. Horizontally, the areas with higher ecological risks concentrated in the western part of the park, while vertically there was no significant trend with increases in soil depth. For the dust samples, areas with high ecological risks were closer to the main traffic arteries. Principal component analysis indicated that the main source of heavy metal in western soils was probably irrigation with contaminated river water. Road traffic, on the other hand, is more likely to be the main contributor to high dust heavy metal levels. This result is important for the park to control the potential health risks caused by heavy metals through zoning management according to the functions of different areas.
多功能工业园区兼具生产和生活功能。有色金属的冶炼和加工可能导致土壤污染，对人类构成风险。本研究选取了位于中国安徽省中部，以铜加工和机械零部件为主要产业的一个工业园区作为研究对象。通过采集和检测土壤及灰尘样本，分析了园区土壤和灰尘中重金属的水平和垂直分布特征。采用生态风险指数识别高风险区域，并运用相关性分析和主成分分析揭示重金属的潜在来源。结果表明，土壤中铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）的含量分别是背景值的2.65、1.76、1.56、2.14和3.87倍。灰尘中的重金属含量显著高于土壤，其中铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、汞（Hg）、砷（As）、铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）的含量分别是背景值的1.93、1.05、7.57、4.63、6.08、5.39、2.58和5.50倍。水平方向上，生态风险较高的区域集中在园区西部，而垂直方向上，随着土壤深度增加没有明显趋势。对于灰尘样本，生态风险高的区域更靠近主要交通干道。主成分分析表明，西部土壤中重金属的主要来源可能是受污染河水的灌溉。另一方面，道路交通更有可能是灰尘中重金属含量高的主要原因。这一结果对于园区根据不同区域功能进行分区管理，控制重金属造成的潜在健康风险具有重要意义。
