Department of Physiology, Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.
Clin Nutr. 2021 Apr;40(4):1487-1494. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.023. Epub 2021 Feb 22.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: In a placebo controlled study we sought to determine if a four-weeks tryptophan-enriched diet is able to improve age-related depression or social cognitive impairment, depending on polymorphisms located in the promoter region of Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4 (SLC6A4), also known as serotonin transporter (SERT1) gene.
91 young volunteers (age: 21 ± 2 yrs) and 127 above 50 years old (58 ± 6 yrs) healthy volunteers completed the study. Participants from the placebo and tryptophan group followed the same protocol. Before starting the study blood samples, to measure serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and rs25531 polymorphisms, were collected. In addition, before and after completing the study urine samples (to measure 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) were taken, while psychological questionnaires (to assess depression and social cognition levels), and a one week dietary record (to calculate the tryptophan (TRP) intake) were assessed.
The triallelic approach of SLC6A4 showed that in S'S´ subjects there was a positive correlation between TRP intake and 5-HIAA levels. Age of participants, SLC6A4 genotype, and experimental condition were important factors contributing to the outcome of depression and social cognition.
5-HTTLPR and rs25531 polymorphisms play a key role in the response to the TRP- based nutritional intervention, improving only age-related depressive symptoms and empathy in S'S´ subjects who have a higher risk to show signs of depression during their lifetime.
在一项安慰剂对照研究中，我们试图确定四周色氨酸丰富的饮食是否能够改善与年龄相关的抑郁或社会认知障碍，这取决于位于溶质载体家族 6 成员 4（SLC6A4）启动子区域的多态性，也称为血清素转运体（SERT1）基因。
91 名年轻志愿者（年龄：21 ± 2 岁）和 127 名 50 岁以上的志愿者（58 ± 6 岁）完成了这项研究。安慰剂和色氨酸组的参与者遵循相同的方案。在开始研究之前，采集血样以测量血清素转运体相关多态性区域（5-HTTLPR）和 rs25531 多态性。此外，在完成研究之前和之后，采集尿样（以测量 5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA），同时评估心理问卷（以评估抑郁和社会认知水平）和一周的饮食记录（以计算色氨酸（TRP）摄入量）。
SLC6A4 的三等位基因方法表明，在 S'S´ 受试者中，TRP 摄入量与 5-HIAA 水平之间存在正相关。参与者的年龄、SLC6A4 基因型和实验条件是影响抑郁和社会认知结果的重要因素。
5-HTTLPR 和 rs25531 多态性在对基于 TRP 的营养干预的反应中起着关键作用，仅改善 S'S´ 受试者与年龄相关的抑郁症状和同理心，这些受试者在一生中更有可能出现抑郁迹象。
