Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.
Faculty of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2021 Nov;35(6):802-808. doi: 10.1177/19458924211003537. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
Acquiring proficiency for the repair of a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak is challenging in great part due to its relative rarity, which offers a finite number of training opportunities.
The purpose of this study was to evaluates the use of a 3-dimensional (3D) printed, anatomically accurate model to simulate CSF leak closure.
Volunteer participants completed two simulation sessions. Questionnaires to assess their professional qualifications and a standardized 5-point Likert scale to estimate the level of confidence, were completed before and after each session. Participants were also queried on the overall educational utility of the simulation.
Thirteen otolaryngologists and 11 neurosurgeons, met the inclusion criteria. A successful repair of the CSF leak was achieved by 20/24 (83.33%), and 24/24 (100%) during the first and second simulation sessions respectively (average time 04:04 ± 1.39 and 02:10 ± 01:11). during the second session was significantly shorter than the first (p < 0.001). Confidence scores increased across the training sessions (3.3 ± 1.0, before the simulation, 3.7 ± 0.6 after the first simulation, and 4.2 ± 0.4 after the second simulation; p < 0.001). All participants reported an increase in confidence and believed that the model represented a valuable training tool.
Despite significant differences with varying clinical scenarios, 3D printed models for cerebrospinal leak repair offer a feasible simulation for the training of residents and novice surgeons outside the constrictions of a clinical environment.
由于脑脊髓液（CSF）漏的相对罕见性，使其修复的熟练掌握具有挑战性，这在很大程度上限制了培训机会的数量。
本研究旨在评估使用 3 维（3D）打印的解剖精确模型来模拟 CSF 漏闭合。
志愿者参与者完成了两个模拟阶段。在每个阶段之前和之后，参与者都完成了一份评估他们专业资格的问卷和一份标准化的 5 分李克特量表，以评估他们的信心水平。参与者还被问到模拟的整体教育效用。
13 名耳鼻喉科医生和 11 名神经外科医生符合纳入标准。在第一次和第二次模拟中，分别有 20/24（83.33%）和 24/24（100%）成功修复了 CSF 漏（平均时间分别为 04:04±1.39 和 02:10±01:11）。第二次模拟的时间明显短于第一次（p<0.001）。在培训期间，信心评分增加（3.3±1.0，模拟前，3.7±0.6，第一次模拟后，4.2±0.4，第二次模拟后；p<0.001）。所有参与者都报告说信心有所增强，并认为该模型是一种有价值的培训工具。
尽管与不同的临床情况存在显著差异，但 CSF 漏修复的 3D 打印模型为在临床环境限制之外培训住院医师和新手外科医生提供了一种可行的模拟。
