Sampat Apoorva M, Hicks Andrea, Ruiz-Mercado Gerardo J, Zavala Victor M
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Resour Conserv Recycl. 2021;164. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105199.
Nutrient pollution from livestock waste impacts both fresh and marine coastal waters. Harmful algae blooms (HABs) are a common ecosystem-level response to such pollution that is detrimental to both aquatic life and human health and that generates economic losses (e.g., property values and lost tourism). Waste treatment and management technologies are not well established practices due, in part, to the difficulty to attribute economic value to associated social and environmental impacts of nutrient pollution. In this work, we propose a computational framework to quantify the economic impacts of HABs. We demonstrate the advantage of quantifying these impacts through a case study on livestock waste management in the Upper Yahara watershed region (in the state of Wisconsin, USA). Our analysis reveals that every excess kilogram of phosphorus runoff from livestock waste results in total economic losses of 74.5 USD. Furthermore, we use a coordinated market analysis to demonstrate that this economic impact provides a strong enough incentive to activate a nutrient management and valorization market that can help balance phosphorus within the study area. The proposed framework can help state, tribes, and federal regulatory agencies develop regulatory and non-regulatory policies to mitigate the impacts of nutrient pollution.
畜禽粪便造成的营养污染对淡水和沿海海水均有影响。有害藻华（HABs）是对这种污染常见的生态系统层面的反应，对水生生物和人类健康都有害，并会造成经济损失（如财产价值损失和旅游业受损）。废物处理和管理技术尚未成为成熟的做法，部分原因在于难以赋予营养污染相关社会和环境影响以经济价值。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个计算框架来量化有害藻华的经济影响。我们通过对上亚哈拉流域地区（美国威斯康星州）畜禽粪便管理的案例研究，展示了量化这些影响的优势。我们的分析表明，畜禽粪便中每多一千克磷径流会导致总计74.5美元的经济损失。此外，我们通过协同市场分析表明，这种经济影响提供了足够强大的激励，以激活一个营养管理和增值市场，该市场有助于在研究区域内平衡磷含量。所提出的框架可以帮助州、部落和联邦监管机构制定监管和非监管政策，以减轻营养污染的影响。
