Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 4;12:630526. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.630526. eCollection 2021.
Catch-up growth (CUG) in small for gestational age (SGA) leads to increased risk of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases in adults. It remains unclear if microbiota could play an important role in CUG-SGA independent of genetic or nutritional factors. The present study explored the role of gut microbiota in, and its association with, metabolic disorders during CUG-SGA.
An SGA rat model was established by restricting food intake during pregnancy, and the rats were divided into catch-up growth (CUG-SGA) and non-catch-up growth (NCUG-SGA) groups based on body weight and length at the fourth postnatal week. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA was conducted to detect the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota. Fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Transcriptome sequencing of liver tissue was performed and verified using real-time PCR. Concentrations of insulin and total cholesterol were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The composition of gut microbiota in CUG-SGA rats differed from that of NCUG-SGA rats, with reduced abundance of in the CUG-SGA group. The decrease in was significantly associated with increased body weight and upregulated insulin and total cholesterol levels. Five SCFAs and two branched chain fatty acids were significantly higher in the CUG-SGA group than in the NCUG-SGA group. Additionally, SCFAs were positively associated with clinical indices such as weight, body mass index, insulin, and total cholesterol. Transcriptomic data revealed that insulin-like growth factor-2 expression was significantly decreased in CUG-SGA rats and was associated with a decrease in bacteria.
and SCFAs were associated with the metabolic disorders during CUG in SGA. Gut microbiome may play a certain role on metabolic disorders during catch-up growth in small-for-gestational-age.
胎儿期生长受限（SGA）的追赶性生长（CUG）会增加成年人患代谢综合征和心血管疾病的风险。目前尚不清楚微生物组是否可以在遗传或营养因素之外，在 CUG-SGA 中发挥重要作用。本研究探讨了肠道微生物群在 CUG-SGA 期间代谢紊乱中的作用及其与代谢紊乱的相关性。
通过限制孕期饮食来建立 SGA 大鼠模型，并根据第四周出生后的体重和长度将大鼠分为追赶性生长（CUG-SGA）和非追赶性生长（NCUG-SGA）两组。采用 16S rRNA 高通量测序检测肠道微生物群的多样性和组成。采用气相色谱-质谱法检测粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA）。对肝组织进行转录组测序，并通过实时 PCR 进行验证。采用酶联免疫吸附法测定胰岛素和总胆固醇浓度。
CUG-SGA 大鼠的肠道微生物群组成与 NCUG-SGA 大鼠不同，CUG-SGA 组中 的丰度降低。 的减少与体重增加和胰岛素及总胆固醇水平升高显著相关。CUG-SGA 组中有 5 种 SCFA 和 2 种支链脂肪酸的含量明显高于 NCUG-SGA 组。此外，SCFA 与体重、体重指数、胰岛素和总胆固醇等临床指标呈正相关。转录组数据显示，CUG-SGA 大鼠胰岛素样生长因子-2 表达显著降低，与 细菌减少有关。
和 SCFA 与 SGA 追赶性生长期间的代谢紊乱有关。肠道微生物群可能在胎儿期生长受限追赶性生长期间的代谢紊乱中发挥一定作用。
