Institute of Health and Sports Science & Medicine, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hiraka-gakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.
Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, 1-1 Hiraka-gakuendai, Inzai, Chiba, 270-1695, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2021 Mar 22;26(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s12199-021-00958-w.
Among former Olympic-level athletes, engagement in different sport disciplines has been associated with mortality risk in subsequent years. However, limited evidence is available on whether engagement in different sport disciplines at a young age is associated with locomotive syndrome (LS) risk later in life. This study examined the relationship between engagement in different sport disciplines during university years and LS risk in older age among former university athletes.
Participants were 274 middle-aged and 294 older men alumni who graduated from a school of physical education in Japan. LS risk was defined as answering "yes" to any of the Loco-check questions. Data on university sports club membership were collected using questionnaires. University clubs were classified into three groups of cardiovascular intensity (low, moderate, high), following the classification system of sport disciplines by the American College of Cardiology. This classification considers the static and dynamic components of an activity, which correspond to the estimated percent of maximal voluntary contraction reached and maximal oxygen uptake achieved, respectively. University clubs were grouped based on the risk of bodily collision (no, yes) and extent of physical contact (low, moderate, high). Relationships between engagement in different sport disciplines and LS risk were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, and adjusted for age, height, weight, joint disease, habitual exercise, and smoking and drinking status.
Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with the low, moderate, and high cardiovascular intensity sports were 1.00 (reference), 0.48 (0.22-1.06, P = 0.070), and 0.44 (0.20-0.97, P = 0.042) in older men, respectively; however, there was no significant association between these parameters among middle-aged men. Engagement in sports associated with physical contact and collision did not affect LS risk in either group.
Engagement in sports associated with high cardiovascular intensity during university years may reduce the risk of LS in later life. Encouraging young people to participate in such activities might help reduce LS prevalence among older populations.
在奥运级别的前运动员中，从事不同的运动项目与随后几年的死亡率风险有关。然而，关于年轻时从事不同的运动项目是否与晚年的运动综合征（LS）风险有关，证据有限。本研究旨在探讨大学期间从事不同运动项目与老年时 LS 风险之间的关系。
参与者为 274 名中年和 294 名老年男性前体育学校毕业生。LS 风险的定义是对 Loco-check 问题中的任何一个回答“是”。使用问卷收集了大学体育俱乐部会员的数据。根据美国心脏病学院的运动项目分类系统，将大学俱乐部分为心血管强度低、中、高三组。这种分类考虑了活动的静态和动态组成部分，分别对应于达到的最大自愿收缩的估计百分比和达到的最大摄氧量。根据身体碰撞的风险（无、有）和身体接触的程度（低、中、高）对大学俱乐部进行分组。使用 Cox 比例风险模型分析了从事不同运动项目与 LS 风险之间的关系，并根据年龄、身高、体重、关节疾病、习惯性运动以及吸烟和饮酒状况进行了调整。
调整后的危险比和 95%置信区间与低、中、高心血管强度运动相关，分别为 1.00（参考）、0.48（0.22-1.06，P=0.070）和 0.44（0.20-0.97，P=0.042）在老年男性中，但在中年男性中没有显著关联。与身体接触和碰撞相关的运动参与不会影响两个群体的 LS 风险。
大学期间从事与高心血管强度相关的运动可能会降低晚年 LS 的风险。鼓励年轻人参与此类活动可能有助于降低老年人群的 LS 患病率。
