Epidemic Intelligence Service Officer, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India.
Coordinator, Epidemic Intelligence Service Programme, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Public Health. 2021 Jan;65(Supplement):S10-S13. doi: 10.4103/ijph.IJPH_1099_20.
A foodborne disease outbreak among wedding attendees from Makunsar village, Palghar district, Maharashtra state, India, was reported on February 18, 2018.
The outbreak investigation was conducted to find out the epidemiology of the outbreak and to identify the etiologic agent and risk factors.
A case-control study was carried out, where cases (patients), controls, and food handlers were interviewed and leftover foods were collected for culture. A case was defined as a person having vomiting or diarrhea (i.e., ≥3 loose stools within 24 h) who attended the wedding ceremony at Makunsar village, Palghar district, Maharashtra, on February 18, 2018. Attack rate and odds ratio (OR) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Out of 75 cases, 63% were female. Altogether, forty-two (56%) cases were hospitalized, and later on, all of them were discharged from hospital without any mortality. About 93%, 68%, 43%, and 41% of the cases reported with vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, respectively. The median incubation period was found to be 4 h (range: 2-8 h). Eating gaajar halwa (carrot pudding) was significantly associated with illness (OR: 12.8; 95% CI: 3.5-46). Gaajar halwa is prepared with khoa, a perishable milk product. The gaajar halwa culture yielded no growth.
The case-patients' clinical presentation and incubation period were consistent with enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus as the probable etiologic agent. The epidemiologic investigation identified the probable etiologic agent and food source in a low-resource community setting. Community food handlers were educated on food preparation hygiene and safe storage measures to prevent future outbreaks.
2018 年 2 月 18 日，印度马哈拉施特拉邦帕尔加尔区马昆萨尔村的婚礼参加者中爆发了食源性疾病。
进行暴发调查以了解暴发的流行病学情况，并确定病原体和危险因素。
开展了病例对照研究，对病例（患者）、对照和食品处理人员进行了访谈，并采集了剩余食物进行培养。将在 2018 年 2 月 18 日在马昆萨尔村（马哈拉施特拉邦帕尔加尔区）参加婚礼的出现呕吐或腹泻（即 24 小时内≥3 次稀便）的人定义为病例。使用 95%置信区间（CI）计算发病率和比值比（OR）。
在 75 例病例中，有 63%为女性。共有 42 例（56%）病例住院，随后所有病例均无死亡从医院出院。约有 93%、68%、43%和 41%的病例分别报告有呕吐、恶心、腹痛和腹泻。中位潜伏期为 4 小时（范围：2-8 小时）。食用胡萝卜布丁（胡萝卜布丁）与发病显著相关（OR：12.8；95%CI：3.5-46）。胡萝卜布丁是用 khoa 制成的，这是一种易腐的奶制品。胡萝卜布丁培养未生长。
病例患者的临床表现和潜伏期与产肠毒素金黄色葡萄球菌一致，可能是病原体。流行病学调查在资源匮乏的社区环境中确定了可能的病原体和食物来源。对社区食品处理人员进行了食品制备卫生和安全储存措施的教育，以防止未来的暴发。
