College of Land Resources, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Mar;32(3):1054-1060. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.020.
Both biodiversity conservation and the construction of biological habitat networks are key components of territorial spatial planning in China. Improving the landscape functional connectivity of biological habitat networks plays a vital role in biodiversity conservation. Although biological habitat network planning is a hot topic in literature, there is still lack of operable technological and methodological support in practical planning. According to the graph theory, the following three different aspects of biodiversity conservation and ecological network construction should be addressed in territorial spatial planning. First, the importance of biological habitat patches should be evaluated to determine the priority of patch protection. Second, the best locations for adding new elements should be identified to increase landscape functional connectivity of biological habitat network. Third, the impacts of construction projects should be judged and the potential impact of new construction projects according to the reduction of landscape function connectivity should be evaluated. We applied such framework to the network planning of amphibian () habitat in Xiong'an New Area. The results showed that graph theory approach effectively met the requirements of those three aspects. The identification of the five optimal locations of new habitats of improved the overall landscape functional connectivity of habitat network by 19%. Four optimal locations of cross passage were identified to reduce the impacts of G45 expressway by assessing its impacts on functional connectivity of the amphibian habitat network.
生物多样性保护和生物生境网络建设都是中国国土空间规划的重要组成部分。提高生物生境网络的景观功能连通性对于生物多样性保护至关重要。尽管生物生境网络规划是文献中的一个热点话题，但在实际规划中仍缺乏可操作的技术和方法支持。根据图论，国土空间规划中应从以下三个不同方面考虑生物多样性保护和生态网络建设。首先，应评估生物生境斑块的重要性，以确定斑块保护的优先级。其次，应确定添加新要素的最佳位置，以提高生物生境网络的景观功能连通性。第三，应判断建设项目的影响，并根据景观功能连通性的降低来评估新建设项目的潜在影响。我们将该框架应用于雄安新区两栖动物（）生境网络规划中。结果表明，图论方法有效地满足了这三个方面的要求。识别出 5 个新栖息地的最佳位置，使生境网络的整体景观功能连通性提高了 19%。通过评估其对两栖动物生境网络功能连通性的影响，确定了 4 个交叉通道的最佳位置，以减少 G45 高速公路的影响。
