J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021 Apr 1;258(7):758-766. doi: 10.2460/javma.258.7.758.
To estimate the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-, carbapenem-, and fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae in the feces of hospitalized horses and on hospital surfaces.
Fecal and environmental samples were collected from The Ohio State University Galbreath Equine Center (OSUGEC) and a private referral equine hospital in Kentucky (KYEH). Feces were sampled within 24 hours after hospital admission and after 48 hours and 3 to 7 days of hospitalization.
Fecal and environmental samples were enriched, and then selective media were inoculated to support growth of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria that expressed resistance phenotypes to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones.
358 fecal samples were obtained from 143 horses. More samples yielded growth of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria that expressed resistance phenotypes (AmpC β-lactamase, OR = 4.2; extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, OR = 3.2; and fluoroquinolone resistance, OR = 4.0) after 48 hours of hospitalization, versus within 24 hours of hospital admission. Horses hospitalized at KYEH were at greater odds of having fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria (OR = 2.2). At OSUGEC, 82%, 64%, 0%, and 55% of 164 surfaces had Enterobacteriaceae bacteria with AmpC β-lactamase phenotype, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase phenotype, resistance to carbapenem, and resistance to fluoroquinolones, respectively; prevalences at KYEH were similarly distributed (52%, 32%, 1%, and 35% of 315 surfaces).
Results indicated that antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae may be isolated from the feces of hospitalized horses and from the hospital environment. Hospitalization may lead to increased fecal carriage of clinically important antimicrobial-resistance genes.
估计住院马的粪便中和医院表面携带产超广谱头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类和氟喹诺酮类耐药肠杆菌科细菌的流行率。
粪便和环境样本取自俄亥俄州立大学加尔布雷思赛马中心（OSUGEC）和肯塔基州的一家私人转诊赛马医院（KYEH）。粪便在入院后 24 小时内、住院后 48 小时以及 3 至 7 天内采集。
对粪便和环境样本进行富集，然后接种选择性培养基，以支持表达对超广谱头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类和氟喹诺酮类耐药表型的肠杆菌科细菌的生长。
从 143 匹马中获得了 358 份粪便样本。与入院后 24 小时内相比，住院 48 小时后，更多的样本中生长出表达耐药表型的肠杆菌科细菌（AmpCβ-内酰胺酶，OR=4.2；超广谱β-内酰胺酶，OR=3.2；和氟喹诺酮耐药，OR=4.0）。在 KYEH 住院的马更有可能携带氟喹诺酮耐药菌（OR=2.2）。在 OSUGEC，164 个表面中有 82%、64%、0%和 55%分别带有 AmpCβ-内酰胺酶表型、超广谱β-内酰胺酶表型、对碳青霉烯类的耐药性和对氟喹诺酮类的耐药性的肠杆菌科细菌；在 KYEH，相似的分布情况为 52%、32%、1%和 35%的 315 个表面。
结果表明，住院马的粪便和医院环境中可能分离出具有抗药性的肠杆菌科细菌。住院可能导致临床上重要的抗药性基因在粪便中的携带增加。
