The Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 112-0001 Japan.
Zootaxa. 2021 Mar 12;4942(2):zootaxa.4942.2.1. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4942.2.1.
Ametrodiplosis Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Clinodiplosini) is a mostly Holarctic gall midge genus whose species are associated with a wide range of seed plant families, either as gall-inducers or inquilines. In this study, we describe three species of Ametrodiplosis from Japan: A. adetos n. sp. feeding in the flowers of Tylophora aristolochioides Miq. (Apocynaceae); A. aeroradicis n. sp. inducing aerial root galls on Trachelospermum asiaticum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Nakai and T. gracilipes var. liukiuense (Apocynaceae); and A. stellariae n. sp. forming leaf bud galls on Stellaria uliginosa Murray var. undulata (Thunb.) Ohwi (Caryophyllaceae). A molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial COI and ribosomal 16S genes and nuclear ribosomal 28S gene were conducted for the three new Ametrodiplisis species and other clinodiplosine taxa sequences available in GenBank. The analysis supported the monophyly of Ametrodiplosis despite the variable life history of the three species. In addition, it indicated very low intraspecific genetic divergence among the individuals from different localities and/or host plants. A taxonomic key to the three new Japanese species of Ametrodiplosis is provided.
Ametrodiplosis Rübsaamen（双翅目：瘿蚊科：Clinodiplosini）是一个主要分布于全北界的瘿蚊属，其物种与广泛的种子植物科有关，要么是诱导虫瘿的昆虫，要么是寄生物。在这项研究中，我们描述了来自日本的三种 Ametrodiplosis 物种：A. adetos n. sp. 在 Tylophora aristolochioides Miq.（夹竹桃科）的花朵中取食；A. aeroradicis n. sp. 在 Trachelospermum asiaticum（Sieb. et Zucc.）Nakai 和 T. gracilipes var. liukiuense（夹竹桃科）上诱导气生根瘿；以及 A. stellariae n. sp. 在 Stellaria uliginosa Murray var. undulata（Thunb.）Ohwi（石竹科）上形成叶芽瘿。使用线粒体 COI 和核糖体 16S 基因以及核核糖体 28S 基因对这三个新的 Ametrodiplisis 物种和 GenBank 中其他 clinodiplosine 分类群序列进行了分子系统发育分析。分析支持了 Ametrodiplosis 的单系性，尽管这三个物种的生活史存在差异。此外，它表明来自不同地点和/或宿主植物的个体之间的种内遗传分化非常低。提供了三种新的日本 Ametrodiplosis 物种的分类关键。
