Center of Excellence for The Hill tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 23;21(1):581. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10632-z.
Triglycerides are lipids in the human body that are produced from the consumption of daily food and drink. However, elevated serum triglycerides, also known as hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), are key biomarkers indicating an unhealthy status and increased risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and pancreatitis. Different groups of people have different patterns and styles of cooking and different patterns of consumption, such as hill tribe people, who have their own unique culture and cooking practices. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of and determine the factors associated with HTG among the hill tribe population in Thailand.
A cross-sectional study was performed. Data and a-5 mL blood sample were collected from participants who were members of one of the six main hill tribes in Thailand: Akah, Lahu, Hmong, Yao, Karen, and Lisu. People who lived in 30 selected hill tribe villages and aged 30 years over were asked to participate the study. Pearson correlation and logistic regression were used to detect the correlations and determine the associations between variables, respectively, at a significant level of α = 0.05.
A total of 2552 participants participated this study; 65.9% were females, 72.35% were aged 40-69 years, 76.7% had no education, 48.7% worked in the agricultural section, and 71.2% had an annual income of less than 50,000 baht/family. Regarding the triglyceride level, 41.7% of participants had elevated levels of serum triglyceride or HTG; 16.4% had a borderline high level, and 25.3% had a high level. After controlling for all potential confounder factors, three variables were found to be associated with elevated serum triglycerides. Those who were members of the Lahu and Hmong tribes were 1.62 times (95%CI = 1.25-2.01) and 1.63 times (95%CI = 1.23-2.16) more likely to have elevated serum triglycerides than those who were members of the Akha tribe, respectively. Those who used a high quantity of cooking oil for daily cooking were 0.73 times less likely to have an abnormal level of triglycerides than those who used a low quantity of cooking oil for daily cooking (95%CI = 0.58-0.91), and those who had a waist circumference indicating obesity were 1.28 times more likely to have an abnormal level of triglycerides than those who had a normal waist circumference (95%CI = 1.08-1.52).
Public health programs that focus on encouraging people to have regular exercise to reduce their body weight, particularly in some tribes, such as Lahu and Hmong, should be implemented.
甘油三酯是人体内的脂质，由日常饮食摄入产生。然而，血清甘油三酯升高，也称为高甘油三酯血症（HTG），是表明不健康状态和心血管疾病（CVDs）和胰腺炎风险增加的关键生物标志物。不同人群有不同的烹饪方式和饮食习惯，例如山地部落人群，他们有自己独特的文化和烹饪实践。本研究旨在估计泰国山地部落人群中 HTG 的患病率，并确定与 HTG 相关的因素。
采用横断面研究。从泰国六个主要山地部落之一的成员中收集数据和 5ml 血液样本：阿卡、拉祜、苗族、瑶、克伦和傈僳族。邀请居住在 30 个选定的山地部落村庄且年龄在 30 岁以上的人参加研究。使用 Pearson 相关和逻辑回归分别在显著水平α=0.05 下检测变量之间的相关性和确定关联。
共有 2552 名参与者参加了这项研究；65.9%为女性，72.35%年龄在 40-69 岁之间，76.7%没有受过教育，48.7%在农业部门工作，71.2%家庭年收入低于 50000 泰铢/家庭。关于甘油三酯水平，41.7%的参与者血清甘油三酯或 HTG 水平升高；16.4%为边缘高值，25.3%为高值。在控制所有潜在混杂因素后，发现有三个变量与升高的血清甘油三酯有关。与阿卡部落成员相比，属于拉祜族和苗族的成员发生升高的血清甘油三酯的风险分别增加 1.62 倍（95%CI=1.25-2.01）和 1.63 倍（95%CI=1.23-2.16）。那些每天用大量食用油烹饪的人，发生异常甘油三酯水平的风险比每天用少量食用油烹饪的人低 0.73 倍（95%CI=0.58-0.91），而腰围表明肥胖的人发生异常甘油三酯水平的风险比腰围正常的人高 1.28 倍（95%CI=1.08-1.52）。
应实施以鼓励人们定期锻炼以减轻体重为重点的公共卫生计划，特别是在拉祜族和苗族等一些部落。
