Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo, Campus I, Passo Fundo, Brazil.
Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Campus Fuente Nueva, Edificio Mecenas, s/n 18071, Granada, Spain.
J Dent. 2021 May;108:103640. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103640. Epub 2021 Mar 20.
To evaluate the influence of neutral color backgrounds on the perception of color differences in dentistry.
A software was developed for this study that calculated the perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) thresholds of color differences between a pair of computer-simulated incisor samples (n = 60 pairs) over three neutral color (white, gray and black) backgrounds. CIELAB and CIEDE2000 color difference formulas were used. Five groups of volunteer observers (N = 100) participated in the psychophysical experiment (n = 20): Dentists; Dental students; Dental auxiliaries; Dental technicians; and Laypersons. The psychophysical experiment was performed in a dark environment on a calibrated high-resolution screen. To determine PT and AT values, the 60 pairs of samples were randomly presented to each observer over the different backgrounds. The data were adjusted (TSK Fuzzy) and analyzed statistically using Student t-test and ANOVA (α = 0.05).
Regardless of the metric and the background used, the PT values showed no difference among different observers (p > 0.05). Dentists showed the lowest PT values. Dental technicians showed the lowest AT (p ≤ 0.05) and similar values for the three backgrounds (p > 0.05), regardless of the metric used. The other groups of observers showed the lowest and the highest AT values when using black and white backgrounds, respectively (p ≤ 0.05).
The lowest AT values using a black background indicates that the use of this background allows for the evaluation of slight color differences, and should be used for challenging color differences in esthetic dentistry. This study showed the influence of the observer experience on color evaluation in dentistry.
There was no influence of the background color on the perceptibility threshold. However, dentists and dental technicians showed greater ability to perceive slight color differences compared to other groups of observers.
评估中性颜色背景对牙科颜色差异感知的影响。
本研究开发了一种软件，用于计算一对计算机模拟门牙样本（n = 60 对）在三种中性颜色（白色、灰色和黑色）背景下颜色差异的可感知性（PT）和可接受性（AT）阈值。使用 CIELAB 和 CIEDE2000 颜色差异公式。五组志愿者观察者（N = 100）（n = 20）参加了心理物理实验：牙医；牙科学生；牙科助手；牙科技术员；和非专业人士。心理物理实验在暗环境中在经过校准的高分辨率屏幕上进行。为了确定 PT 和 AT 值，将 60 对样本随机呈现在不同背景下的每个观察者面前。使用 TSK 模糊对数据进行调整，并使用学生 t 检验和 ANOVA（α = 0.05）进行统计分析。
无论使用哪种度量标准和背景，不同观察者之间的 PT 值均无差异（p > 0.05）。牙医表现出最低的 PT 值。牙科技术员表现出最低的 AT（p ≤ 0.05）和三个背景下相似的值（p > 0.05），无论使用哪种度量标准。当使用黑色和白色背景时，其他组观察者表现出最低和最高的 AT 值（p ≤ 0.05）。
使用黑色背景时最低的 AT 值表明，使用这种背景可以评估轻微的颜色差异，并且应该用于美学牙科中具有挑战性的颜色差异。本研究表明观察者经验对牙科颜色评估的影响。
背景颜色对可感知性阈值没有影响。然而，牙医和牙科技术员与其他组观察者相比，具有更好地感知轻微颜色差异的能力。
