Experimental Therapeutics & Melanoma Service, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, 6GN-435, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Milstein Hospital Building, 177 Fort Washington Avenue, 6GN-435, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2021 Feb;35(1):85-98. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2020.09.004. Epub 2020 Oct 26.
Extracutaneous melanomas (ECMs) represent a heterogeneous group of melanoma subtypes characterized by distinct clinical and biological features from cutaneous melanoma. These subtypes share an aggressive natural history with high mortalities compared with nonacral cutaneous melanoma (NACM). Although recent advances in NACM have made significant improvements in morbidity and mortality, ECMs continue to lag behind. As the pathogenesis and molecular features of these rare subtypes continue to emerge, therapeutic research has aimed to closing the gap.
皮肤外黑色素瘤（ECMs）是一组异质性的黑色素瘤亚型，与皮肤黑色素瘤相比，它们具有独特的临床和生物学特征。这些亚型具有相似的侵袭性自然病史，与非肢端皮肤黑色素瘤（NACM）相比，死亡率较高。尽管 NACM 的最新进展在发病率和死亡率方面取得了显著改善，但 ECMs 仍落后。随着这些罕见亚型的发病机制和分子特征不断显现，治疗研究旨在缩小差距。
