Safari-Moradabadi Ali, Rakhshanderou Sakineh, Ramezankhani Ali, Ghaffari Mohtasham
Department of public health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2022 Apr;50(2):106-114. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12637. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
Identifying those with inadequate oral health literacy is difficult because little is known about its various multiple dimensions. Accordingly, the present research investigated dimensions of the concept using a qualitative approach.
Participants (n = 15) who met inclusion criteria (Including having expertise in the fields of general dental, social dental, and health education and health promotion and having at least 5 years of relevant working experience) were recruited by purposive sampling via the public health and dentistry faculty in Tehran between December 2018 and October 2019. Thematic analysis was used to assess the data.
A total of 15 specialists (ranging in age from 28 to 61, mean 44) were included in the study. Their working experience averaged 15.5 years (SD = 7.7, Min = 6, Max = 30). Independent analysis of qualitative data by three researchers led to identification of seven themes and 18 sub-categories, including need perception (feeling the need and paying attention to meeting the need), emotional literacy (valuation of oral health, formation of personality and taking care of oral health), planning literacy (planning and goal-orientation), communicative literacy (choice in decision-making, interpersonal communication skill and claiming), behavioural literacy (self-care), cognitive literacy (knowledge, information comprehension, information use, and information analysis) and media literacy (the ability to use up-to-date technologies, the ability to search for and acquire the information, and judgment).
Our findings provide insights into the dimensions of oral health literacy. It is hoped that these findings can be used to guide the development of interventions on OHL and that aspects of the concept can help to enhance levels of OHL and help to promote health at societal level.
识别口腔健康素养不足的人群具有一定难度，因为人们对其多维度的了解甚少。因此，本研究采用定性研究方法对该概念的维度进行调查。
通过目的抽样法，于2018年12月至2019年10月期间从德黑兰的公共卫生和牙科学院招募了符合纳入标准的参与者（n = 15）（包括在普通牙科、社会牙科以及健康教育与健康促进领域具有专业知识且至少有5年相关工作经验）。采用主题分析法对数据进行评估。
本研究共纳入15名专家（年龄在28至61岁之间，平均44岁）。他们的工作经验平均为15.5年（标准差= 7.7，最小值= 6，最大值= 30）。由三名研究人员对定性数据进行独立分析，确定了七个主题和18个子类别，包括需求认知（感知需求并关注需求的满足）、情感素养（对口腔健康的重视、个性形成与口腔健康护理）、规划素养（规划与目标导向）、沟通素养（决策中的选择、人际沟通技巧与主张）、行为素养（自我护理）、认知素养（知识、信息理解、信息使用与信息分析）以及媒体素养（使用最新技术的能力、搜索和获取信息的能力以及判断力）。
我们的研究结果为口腔健康素养的维度提供了见解。希望这些研究结果可用于指导口腔健康素养干预措施的制定，并且该概念的各个方面有助于提高口腔健康素养水平，并在社会层面促进健康。
