State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.
J Am Chem Soc. 2021 Apr 7;143(13):5099-5105. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c00779. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
The controllable B-H bond activation of carboranes has long been a compelling challenge. However, as the symmetry of -carborane places the same charge on all of its ten boron atoms, controlling the regiochemistry of B-H bond activation in these molecules has remained out of reach ever since their discovery. Herein, we describe how to use steric effects to achieve a regioselective process for B-H activation of -carborane. In this strategy, B(2,8)-H or B(2,7)-H activation patterns were achieved by taking advantage of the π-π interactions between pyridine ligands. Interestingly, by employing host-guest interactions in metallacage compounds, B(2,8)-H bond activation could be avoided and exclusive B(2,9)-H bond activation can be achieved. Steric hindrance was also found to be beneficial for regioselective B(2,8)-H bond activation in metallacage species. In this work, we demonstrate that steric effects can be a promising driving force for controllable activation of the B-H bonds of carboranes and open new opportunities in this field.
碳硼烷的 B-H 键可控活化一直是一个极具吸引力的挑战。然而,由于 -碳硼烷的对称性使得其十个硼原子都带有相同的电荷,因此自发现以来,控制这些分子中 B-H 键的区域化学选择性活化一直难以实现。在此,我们描述了如何利用空间效应来实现 -碳硼烷的 B-H 活化的区域选择性过程。在该策略中,通过吡啶配体之间的 π-π 相互作用,实现了 B(2,8)-H 或 B(2,7)-H 的活化模式。有趣的是,通过在金属笼化合物中利用主客体相互作用,可以避免 B(2,8)-H 键的活化,并且可以实现专一地 B(2,9)-H 键的活化。空间位阻也被发现有利于金属笼物种中 B(2,8)-H 键的区域选择性活化。在这项工作中,我们证明了空间效应可以成为控制碳硼烷 B-H 键活化的一种有前途的驱动力,并为该领域开辟了新的机遇。