Savitsky B, Manor O, Lawrence G, Friedlander Y, Siscovick D S, Hochner H
The Braun School of Public Health, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Ashkelon Academic College, School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon, Israel.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2021 Jul;45(7):1404-1417. doi: 10.1038/s41366-021-00802-9. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
According to the hypothesis of Gluckman and Hanson, mismatch between the developmental and postdevelopmental environments may lead to detrimental health impacts such as obesity. While several animal studies support the mismatch theory, there is a scarcity of evidence from human-based studies.
Our study aims to examine whether a mismatch between the developmental and young-adult environments affect obesity in young adults of the Jerusalem Perinatal Family Follow-Up Study.
Data from The Jerusalem Perinatal Family Follow-Up Study birth cohort was used to characterize early and late environments using offspring and parental sociodemographic and lifestyle information at birth, age 32 (n = 1140) and 42 (n = 404). Scores characterizing the early and late environments were constructed using factor analysis. To assess associations of mismatch with obesity, regression models were fitted using the first factor of each environment and adiposity measures at age 32 and 42.
Having a stable non-beneficial environment at birth and young-adulthood was most strongly associated with increased adiposity, while a stable beneficial environment was most favorable. The transition from a beneficial environment at birth to a less beneficial environment at young-adulthood was associated with higher obesity measures, including higher BMI (β = 0.979; 95% CI: 0.029, 1.929), waist circumference (β = 2.729; 95% CI: 0.317, 5.140) and waist-hip ratio (β = 0.017; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.029) compared with those experiencing a beneficial environment at both time points. Transition from a less beneficial environment at birth to a beneficial environment at adulthood was also associated with higher obesity measurements (BMI -β = 1.116; 95% CI: 0.085, 2.148; waist circumference -β = 2.736; 95% CI: 0.215, 5.256).
This study provides some support for the mismatch hypothesis. While there is indication that an accumulation of the effects of the non-beneficial environment has the strongest detrimental impact on obesity outcomes, our results also indicate that a mismatch between the developmental and later environments may result in maladaptation of the individual leading to obesity.
根据格鲁克曼和汉森的假说，发育环境与发育后环境之间的不匹配可能导致肥胖等对健康有害的影响。虽然多项动物研究支持这种不匹配理论，但基于人类的研究证据却很匮乏。
我们的研究旨在探讨发育环境与青年期环境之间的不匹配是否会影响耶路撒冷围产期家庭随访研究中的年轻成年人的肥胖情况。
来自耶路撒冷围产期家庭随访研究出生队列的数据被用于通过出生时、32岁（n = 1140）和42岁（n = 404）时后代及父母的社会人口统计学和生活方式信息来描述早期和晚期环境。使用因子分析构建表征早期和晚期环境的分数。为了评估不匹配与肥胖之间的关联，使用每个环境的第一个因子以及32岁和42岁时的肥胖测量指标拟合回归模型。
在出生和青年期拥有稳定的非有益环境与肥胖增加的关联最为强烈，而稳定的有益环境则最为有利。从出生时的有益环境转变为青年期不太有益的环境与更高的肥胖测量指标相关，包括更高的体重指数（β = 0.979；95%置信区间：0.029，1.929）、腰围（β = 2.729；95%置信区间：0.317，5.140）和腰臀比（β = 0.017；95%置信区间：0.004，0.029），与在两个时间点都处于有益环境的人相比。从出生时不太有益的环境转变为成年期有益环境也与更高的肥胖测量指标相关（体重指数 -β = 1.116；95%置信区间：0.085，2.148；腰围 -β = 2.736；95%置信区间：0.215，5.256）。
本研究为不匹配假说提供了一些支持。虽然有迹象表明非有益环境的影响积累对肥胖结果的有害影响最强，但我们的结果也表明发育环境与后期环境之间的不匹配可能导致个体适应不良，进而导致肥胖。
