Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jul;69(7):1956-1963. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17106. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
To determine any independent influence of occlusal force and of number of natural teeth on decline in body mass index (BMI) among older Japanese adults.
Longitudinal study over a 3- to 6-year period.
Urban and rural area in Japan.
Independently living Japanese adults aged 69-71 years and 79-81 years at baseline. This analysis excluded participants who were defined as underweight at baseline.
Information was collected on age, gender, occlusal force, the number of teeth, BMI, socioeconomic factors, medical history, the number of daily prescription medications, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, hand grip strength, and physical function. Maximal occlusal force was measured with a pressure-sensitive sheet. Nutritional status was assessed using BMI, and participants with BMI <21.5 were defined as underweight. Then, they were divided into two groups: a "BMI declined" group who were defined as underweight at either 3- or 6-year follow-up survey, and a "BMI maintained" group who were not defined as underweight at both follow-up surveys. Logistic generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to assess the effect of occlusal force and the number of teeth at baseline on decline in BMI over 3 or 6 years, after adjusting for possible covariates associated with nutritional status.
The final analysis included 704 participants. Eighty-six (12.2%) participants were classified into the BMI declined group. Logistic GEE models showed that the number of teeth was not significantly associated with decline in BMI. However, occlusal force was significantly associated with decline in BMI (odds ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval = 0.83-0.97) after adjusting for covariates.
Participants with lower occlusal force were more likely to be in the BMI less than 21.5 kg/m . The findings suggest that to prevent decline in oral function is important to maintain nutritional status.
确定咬合力量和天然牙数量对日本老年成年人体重指数（BMI）下降的独立影响。
3 至 6 年期间的纵向研究。
日本城乡地区。
基线时年龄为 69-71 岁和 79-81 岁的独立生活的日本成年人。本分析排除了基线时被定义为体重不足的参与者。
收集年龄、性别、咬合力量、牙齿数量、BMI、社会经济因素、病史、每日处方药数量、认知功能、抑郁症状、手握力和身体功能信息。最大咬合力量用压力敏感片测量。使用 BMI 评估营养状况，BMI<21.5 的参与者被定义为体重不足。然后，他们被分为两组：在 3 或 6 年随访调查中任何一次被定义为体重不足的“BMI 下降”组，以及两次随访调查均未被定义为体重不足的“BMI 维持”组。使用逻辑广义估计方程（GEE）模型，在调整与营养状况相关的可能协变量后，评估基线时的咬合力量和牙齿数量对 BMI 在 3 或 6 年内下降的影响。
最终分析包括 704 名参与者。86 名（12.2%）参与者被归入 BMI 下降组。逻辑 GEE 模型显示，牙齿数量与 BMI 下降无显著相关性。然而，在调整协变量后，咬合力量与 BMI 下降显著相关（比值比=0.90，95%置信区间=0.83-0.97）。
咬合力量较低的参与者更有可能 BMI 低于 21.5kg/m2。研究结果表明，预防口腔功能下降对于维持营养状况很重要。
