Gerber J D, Selzer N L, Sharpee R L, Beckenhauer W H
Norden Laboratories, Lincoln, NE 68501.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1988 Feb;18(1):41-52. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(88)90035-9.
An adjuvanted Moraxella bovis bacterin containing attachment antigens and cornea-degrading enzyme antigens protected cattle from infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) when experimentally challenged with homologous and heterologous challenge cultures of M. bovis. This bacterin also protected cattle against field exposure to M. bovis. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescein labeled anti-M. bovis pili antiserum showed pili on the M. bovis bacterin strain. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated a fibrillar glycocalyx. The bacterin strain of M. bovis, but not all strains of M. bovis, destroyed bovine corneal cell monolayers in vitro. Bovine corneal cells began to separate from each other within 5 min after M. bovis organisms were added and adhered to the cell monolayers. Moraxella bovis organisms remained attached to the disintegrating cells as the cell membrane separated and was digested. Vaccination stimulated bacterial agglutination antibodies. However, protection against experimental challenge was more closely related to the cornea-degrading enzyme content of the experimental bacterins. Twenty-two of 29 cattle (76%) vaccinated with bacterins containing a relative enzyme activity (REA) greater than 0.4 were protected in a rigorous challenge of immunity test. Only 1 of 21 non-vaccinated calves (5%) was free of IBK. Ninety-two percent (24/26) of calves vaccinated with a bacterin containing a REA greater than 0.29 remained free of IBK following field exposure, whereas 47% (8/17) non-vaccinated calves developed IBK. Only 8 of 12 calves (67%) vaccinated with a bacterin containing a REA of 0.09 remained free of IBK. In a larger field efficacy test consisting of 32 herds in six states, the incidence of IBK in individual herds ranged from 0% to 55%. The overall rate of infection was 11.2%. Vaccination of calves with an M. bovis bacterin that contained a REA of 0.63 reduced the incidence of IBK from 11.2% (217/1931) in the non-vaccinated controls to 4.3% (66/1520) in cattle vaccinated once and to 3.1% (48/1536) in cattle vaccinated twice.
一种含有黏附抗原和角膜降解酶抗原的佐剂牛莫拉菌菌苗，在用同源和异源牛莫拉菌攻击培养物进行实验性攻击时，能保护牛免受传染性牛角膜结膜炎（IBK）的侵害。这种菌苗还能保护牛免受野外接触牛莫拉菌的影响。透射电子显微镜和荧光素标记的抗牛莫拉菌菌毛抗血清显示，牛莫拉菌菌苗菌株上有菌毛。扫描电子显微镜显示有纤维状糖萼。牛莫拉菌的菌苗菌株，但并非所有牛莫拉菌菌株，在体外都会破坏牛角膜细胞单层。在添加牛莫拉菌并使其黏附于细胞单层后5分钟内，牛角膜细胞开始彼此分离。随着细胞膜分离并被消化，牛莫拉菌仍附着在解体的细胞上。接种疫苗刺激产生细菌凝集抗体。然而，对实验性攻击的保护作用与实验性菌苗的角膜降解酶含量关系更为密切。在严格的免疫试验攻击中，29头接种了相对酶活性（REA）大于0.4的菌苗的牛中有22头（76%）得到了保护。21头未接种疫苗的小牛中只有1头（5%）没有患IBK。接种了REA大于0.29的菌苗的小牛中有92%（24/26）在野外接触后未患IBK，而47%（8/17）未接种疫苗的小牛患上了IBK。接种了REA为0.09的菌苗的12头小牛中只有8头（67%）未患IBK。在由六个州的32个牛群组成的更大规模的野外效力试验中，各个牛群中IBK的发病率在0%至55%之间。总体感染率为11.2%。用REA为0.63的牛莫拉菌菌苗给小牛接种，使IBK的发病率从未接种疫苗的对照组中的11.2%（217/1931）降至接种一次的牛中的4.3%（66/1520），以及接种两次的牛中的3.1%（48/1536）。
