Penner Shira, Sapir Yuval
The Botanical Garden, School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Curr Microbiol. 2021 May;78(5):2080-2090. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02437-5. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Mutualistic fungi are known to increase plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress. Therefore, it is expected that along aridity gradients the diversity and composition of symbiotic fungal community will be associated with climate. We examined the diversity of foliar endophytic fungi, inhabiting an annual grass, growing in three different climates (arid, Mediterranean, and wet Mediterranean) along the Israeli aridity gradient. Among the identified endophyte taxa, some were unique to each site, some were common to the two sites located in the extremes of the gradient, but none was common to all sites. Although most fungal endophyte taxa identified were not related to stress adaptation, we detected two that are considered to benefit plants by mitigating stress: Cladosporium and Trichoderma. Cladosporium is highly osmotolerant, frequently found in saline environments. Trichoderma is a biocontrol agent, frequently found in mesic environments. These findings support the hypothesis that species composition of foliar endophytic fungi is associated with stress adaptation of plants.
已知共生真菌可提高植物对非生物和生物胁迫的耐受性。因此，可以预期，沿着干旱梯度，共生真菌群落的多样性和组成将与气候相关。我们研究了叶内生真菌的多样性，这些真菌存在于一种一年生草本植物中，该植物沿着以色列干旱梯度生长在三种不同的气候条件下（干旱、地中海气候和湿润地中海气候）。在已鉴定的内生菌分类群中，有些是每个地点特有的，有些是位于梯度两端的两个地点共有的，但没有一个是所有地点都共有的。尽管鉴定出的大多数真菌内生菌分类群与胁迫适应无关，但我们检测到两种被认为通过减轻胁迫而使植物受益的真菌：枝孢属和木霉属。枝孢属具有高度耐渗透性，经常出现在盐渍环境中。木霉属是一种生物防治剂，经常出现在中生环境中。这些发现支持了叶内生真菌的物种组成与植物胁迫适应相关的假设。
