CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, China; Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, China; Department of Psychology, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2021 May;154:106092. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106092. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Whether the public feels psychologically safe about intelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) is crucial for this new technology to prevail. While researchers have realized the importance of perceived safety, a direct and psychometrically sound measure is still needed. This paper aimed to develop and validate a scale to measure the perceived safety of ICVs. In Study 1, an 8-item scale of the perceived safety was developed based on a literature review and used with a sample from Beijing (n = 373), among the people who are very likely to be the first wave of users. Exploratory factor analysis retained six items and found that a two-dimensional model (three items for cognitive safety and three items for emotional safety) best suited the data. Correlational analyses suggested that the two components may have unique causes and consequences. In Study 2, using a different sample from Shenzhen (n = 352), confirmatory factor analysis consolidated the two-factor model. Further correlational analyses showed that the scale had good criterion-related validity. Across two studies, cognitive safety was related to perceived controllability, the tendency to seek new technologies, ICV driving experience, perceived government support, drive intention and intention to be other road users. Emotional safety was correlated with social support, familiarity, benefit perception, purchase and recommend intention. These results suggest that the scale developed in this study is a useful and reliable tool to measure perceived safety. Implications for future studies and relevant policies are discussed.
公众对智能网联汽车（ICV）的心理安全感是否至关重要，这对这项新技术的普及至关重要。虽然研究人员已经意识到感知安全的重要性，但仍需要直接和心理测量上合理的衡量标准。本文旨在开发和验证一种衡量 ICV 感知安全的量表。在研究 1 中，基于文献综述开发了一个包含 8 个项目的感知安全量表，在北京（n=373）的人群中进行了测试，这些人非常有可能成为首批用户。探索性因素分析保留了 6 个项目，并发现二维模型（认知安全 3 个项目，情感安全 3 个项目）最适合数据。相关分析表明，这两个组成部分可能有独特的原因和后果。在研究 2 中，使用来自深圳的不同样本（n=352）进行验证性因素分析，结果支持了两因素模型。进一步的相关分析表明，该量表具有良好的效标关联效度。在两项研究中，认知安全性与感知可控性、新技术倾向、ICV 驾驶经验、感知政府支持、驾驶意愿和成为其他道路使用者的意愿有关。情感安全性与社会支持、熟悉度、收益感知、购买意愿和推荐意愿有关。这些结果表明，本研究开发的量表是衡量感知安全的有效可靠工具。讨论了对未来研究和相关政策的启示。
