Chief Tony Anenih Geriatric Centre, University College Hospital, Oyo State, Ibadan, Nigeria.
University College Hospital and Senior Research Fellow, Neuroscience and Ageing Research Unit, Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2021 Mar 22;38(3):255-267.
Frailty has emerged as an important clinical measurement among older adults because of its negative health outcomes.
This study measured the prevalence and factors associated with frailty among older adults aged 60 years and above at a Geriatric Centre in Nigeria.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 971 older adults were recruited consecutively. Data on sociodemographics characteristics and clinical parameters were obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and physical examination performed. The Frailty syndrome and Frailty Index were assessed using the Fried Frailty Criteria (FFC) and Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) scale respectively. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using SPSS version 21 at a p <0.05.
The mean age of the participants was 71.3 (± 7.1) years with a female to male ratio of 2.4:1. Based on FFC scale, 498 older persons (51.3%) had frailty syndrome while only 148 (15.2%) were frail using the CSHA scale. The measure of agreement (Kappa statistics) was 0.22 (p<0001) indicating weak agreement between the two scales. Logistic regression analysis revealed increasing age (OR=1.948 [1.219-3.113]), multiple morbidities (OR= 1.584, [1.177-2.201]), depression (OR= 5.050, [2.501-9.442,]), imbalance or increased risk of fall (OR 1.623, [1.192-2.211,]), and inability to perform IADL (OR= 0.599 [0.535-0.670,]) to be the most significant determinants of frailty syndrome while obesity (OR=0.660, [0.449-0.971]), unusually appeared a deterrent.
The prevalence of frailty syndrome was high among the older adults. Targeted and timely interventions on the modifiable factors may delay progression into frailty and the eventual negative health outcomes.
衰弱已成为老年人重要的临床测量指标，因为它会对健康产生负面影响。
本研究旨在测量尼日利亚一家老年医学中心 60 岁及以上老年人的衰弱患病率及相关因素。
在这项描述性的横断面研究中，连续招募了 971 名老年人。使用访谈者管理的问卷和体格检查获取社会人口统计学特征和临床参数的数据。使用 Fried 衰弱标准（FFC）和加拿大健康与老龄化研究（CSHA）量表分别评估衰弱综合征和衰弱指数。使用 SPSS 版本 21 进行单变量和多变量分析，p<0.05。
参与者的平均年龄为 71.3（±7.1）岁，女性与男性的比例为 2.4:1。根据 FFC 量表，498 名老年人（51.3%）患有衰弱综合征，而仅 148 名老年人（15.2%）患有 CSHA 量表的衰弱。（Kappa 统计量）衡量的一致性为 0.22（p<0001），表明这两个量表之间的一致性较弱。逻辑回归分析显示，年龄增长（OR=1.948 [1.219-3.113]）、多种合并症（OR=1.584，[1.177-2.201]）、抑郁（OR=5.050，[2.501-9.442，]）、平衡或增加跌倒风险（OR 1.623，[1.192-2.211，]）和无法进行 IADL（OR=0.599 [0.535-0.670，]）是衰弱综合征的最重要决定因素，而肥胖（OR=0.660，[0.449-0.971]）则相反，似乎是一个抑制因素。
衰弱综合征在老年人中患病率较高。针对可改变因素的有针对性和及时的干预措施可能会延缓衰弱的进展和最终的负面健康结果。
